1. In Hindu theology, the three essential and primary attributes of "God" (Brahman) are

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1 Interfaith Religion Test - Fall In Hindu theology, the three essential and primary attributes of "God" (Brahman) are a. infinite being, infinite awareness, and infinite bliss. b. unlimited power, omnipresence, and unrestricted creativity. c. perfect unity, absolute simplicity, and supreme personhood. 2. Yoga, as developed within the Hindu tradition, is a. primarily a system of physical education. b. a method of training designed to lead the individual to his true self and to union with supreme reality. c. aimed primarily at giving its practitioners supernatural and miraculous powers. d. actually a special form of psychotherapy. 3. One of the central teachings of Hinduism is a. that all souls will eventually find spiritual liberation in Brahman ("God"). b. the principle of sufficient reason. c. the law of excluded middle. 4. Hinduism - especially in the Upanishads - teaches that a. there is no single supreme being or reality. b. there is no life after death. c. union with Brahman (Supreme Reality, "God") is the ultimate purpose of existence. 5. In traditional Hinduism, there are four basic goals of life, which are: a. wealth, status, power, and fame. b. pleasure, worldly success, observance of moral and social duty, and spiritual liberation. c. study, work, meditation, and religious worship. d. north, south, east, and west. 6. According to the Hindu view of the Law of Karma, a. no one is responsible for his or her present condition in life. b. a person's fate - including her/his birth in the next life - is determined by the totality of his or her own choices and actions. c. the universe is full of chance events and accidents. 7. Hinduism claims that what people really and ultimately want is a. pleasure. b. worldly success. c. infinite being, infinite consciousness and knowledge, and infinite joy. d. cessation and extinction of desire. 1

2 8. In traditional Hinduism, there are four basic stages along life's way: a. child, adolescent, adult, and pensioner. b. the aesthetic stage, the ethical stage, the religious stage, and the transcendent stage. c. the pragmatic stage, the social stage, the individual state, and the yogic stage. d. student, married householder, retired "forest dweller" (hermit), and homeless, wandering sannyasin (holy one, saint, ascetic). 9. In Hinduism, the term for the divine nature or True Self of each person is a. Atman. b. Jñana. c. Moksha. d. Maya. e. Jiva. 10. The word "Buddha" means a. "Savior" (a/k/a "Redeemer"). b. the "Silent Sage of the Sakya Clan". c. the "Awakened One" (a/k/a the "Enlightened One"). d. the "Thus-Come". 11. The series of "sights" or "signs" that brought home to Siddhartha Gautama (who was to become the Buddha) the reality of suffering included a. a vision of the futility of asceticism. b. an encounter with the realities of aging, disease, and death.. c. the spectacle of a thousand people taking a ritual bath in the sacred Ganges River. d. a vision of the unreality of matter. 12. Buddhism teaches a. the importance of the caste system as a basis for social and political order and security. b. the need for ritual as the behavioral center of the religious life. c. the transitoriness an impermanence of all (finite) things. d. a and b 13. According to the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, a. dukkha (suffering) can be relieved by the cessation of tanha (selfish craving). b. enlightenment arises when we put away the "three poisons" of delusion, craving, and hatred. c. there is no soul, no permanent self (anatta). d. there is no escape from the "three woes" of aging, disease, and death. 14. The unconditioned state of reality that is the highest goal of Buddhism is called a. Moksha. b. Nirvana. c. Dharma. d. Trikaya. 2

3 15. In its message of salvation, Buddhism offers us "Three Refuges" (a/k/a "Three Jewels"). These are a. the city, the village, and the countryside. b. the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. c. Wisdom, Morality, and Meditation. d. renunciation, discipline, and enlightenment. 16. The Buddha's "Middle Path" avoids two extremes, which are a. cowardice and recklessness. b. the unlimited pursuit of wisdom and wallowing in ignorance. c. immersion in sensual pleasures and excessive self-denial and self-mortification. d. religious fundamentalism and opposition to all religion. 17. The Yin-Yang concept in Chinese philosophy and religion holds that a. there is no proof of the existence of God. b. opposites such as beauty and ugliness, good and evil, being and non-being always coexist and are necessary or complementary to one another. c. the path to success in life is self-assertion and competition. d. Nothing is actually Something, and Something is actually Nothing. 18. Which of the following statements is true of Confucianism? a. Confucianism is a mystical religion which encourages yoga-like concentration on the inner self (through sexual experiments, breathing exercises, t'ai chi chuan, and control of the mind through meditation techniques). b. The primary concern of Confucianism is order, harmony, peace, and happiness in this life here on Earth. c. Confucianism rejects the traditional Chinese religious practice of ancestor worship. d. Confucianism teaches that the primary social institution is the state. 19. For Confucius, the most important and valuable social institution is a. the family b. the school c. the government d. the economy 20. What do the following thee passages from the Analects tell us about Confucius's political philosophy? -- "To govern is to make right. If you govern after making yourself right, who, then, would not be made right?" -- "When a ruler lives righteously, he will be followed without his giving orders. But if a ruler does not live righteously, then even if he gives orders, he will not be followed." -- "If you can make your own life right, you will find governing easy. If you can't make your own life right, how can you make the lives of others right?" a. Confucius believed that the best form of government is democracy. b. Confucius believed that monarchy is the best form of government. c. Confucius believed that the best governments are those that are headed by morally good (virtuous) leaders who set a good example for the people. d. Confucius believed that a good government must be based upon a written constitution. 3

4 21. A metaphysical first principle that embraces and underlies all being, a vast Oneness that precedes and in some mysterious manner generates the endlessly diverse forms of the world. Unknowable as it may be in essence, one must somehow learn to sense its presence and movement in order to bring one's own life and movements into harmony with it. Which of the following Daoist concepts does the foregoing description apply to? a. The Dao (Tao). b. De (Te). c. Chi (Ch'i, Qi). d. Yin-Yang. 22. One way of characterizing the principle of wu-wei in Daoist (Taoist) philosophy is to say that it a. is not absolute inaction nor a mere "not-overdoing"; it is an action so well in accordance with the natural course of things that its author leaves no trace of himself in his work; it demands that one submit to and move with, rather than against, natural processes and change. b. requires that the Daoist (Taoist) honor, respect, and follow the conventional morality of established society, accepting the common distinctions between good and evil, beauty and ugliness, value and worthlessness. c. rejects and supersedes the bipolarity of Yin and Yang. d. negates it idea of Chi (Qi) in traditional Chinese cosmology. 23. A moral power or virtue characteristic of a person who follows the correct course of conduct. It is the virtue or power that one acquires through being in accord with the highest reality, what one "gets" from the highest reality. Which of the following Daoist concepts does the foregoing description apply to? a. The Dao (Tao). b. De (Te). c. Chi (Ch'i, Qi). d. Yin-Yang. 24. He acts with non-ado and teaches without speaking. Things come and go. He lets them come and go. He creates, but he does not own. He achieves, but he takes no credit. He completes his work and then forgets about it. This is one of the many descriptions in the Dao De Jing of a. the Chun-Tzu (Jun-Zi). b. the Tao-Master or Sage. c. the fool who considers Lao Tzu's teaching to be nonsense. d. Confucius. 25. In ancient Chinese cosmology, all things that exist are composed of the same vital substance (chi, qi), which expresses itself in the two complementary forces of yin and yang. This means that all things consist of both yin and yang in varying proportions. These cosmological beliefs are accepted a. by both Confucianism and Daoism. b. by Confucianism but not by Daoism. c. by Daoism but not by Confucianism. d. by neither Confucianism nor Daoism. 4

5 26. The sacred day of rest and worship observed each week by religious Jews is called a. Shabuoth (Shavuah). b. Purim. c. Sukkoth. d. the Sabbath (Shabbos). e. Pesah (Pesach). 27. In Jewish theology, God has which of the following attributes? a. absolute unity. b. limited power. c. perfect goodness and absolute holiness. d. both a and c e. b only 28. The basic/primary holy scripture of Judaism is a. the Zohar. b. the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh). c. the Old Testament (or Covenant). d. the Talmud. e. the Mishnah. 29. According to Judaism, the primary cause of human suffering is a. ignorance of the true nature of the Self. b. failure to live close to nature. c. the pursuit of money, status, and power. d. alienation from God through sin (disobedience, rebellion, and idolatry). 30. Which Jewish festival commemorates the events related in the Book of Exodus about liberation of the ancient Israelites from oppression and slavery in Egypt? a. Yom Kippur b. Hanukkah c. Rosh Hashanah d. Passover (Pesach) 31. The Hebrew Bible portrays history as a. a purposeless circular movement of events. b. something over which human beings have no control. c. a process in linear time that is meaningful, purposeful, progressive. d. an arena of divine activity. e. unreal and illusory. f. both c and d 5

6 32. The three main features of the Jewish idea of the Messiah are a. obedience to the Torah law, keeping the Sabbath day holy, and loving one's neighbor as oneself. b. belief in the existence of many gods, worship of the forces of nature, and obedience to natural law. c. hope for redemption, the restoration of the nation of Israel, the moral upgrade of the entire world. d. prayer, fasting, and bible study. 33. According to Christian theology, a. the second person of the Holy Trinity, God the Son, became one with human nature in the person of Jesus of Nazareth. b. the third person of the Holy Trinity, the Holy Spirit, was incarnate in the person of Jesus of Nazareth. c. there are three gods, God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. 34. The following is/are among the key doctrines of both Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy: a. God's revealed and authoritative truth is to be found only in the Holy Bible. b. God's revealed and authoritative truth is to be found both in Sacred Scripture and in Church (Holy or Sacred) Tradition. c. a person can be justified in the eyes of God ("saved") through faith alone. d. all religions are legitimate paths to God. 35. According to the Nicene Creed (a/k/a Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed), a. God the Son is of one essence or substance with God the Father. b. God the Holy Spirit is "begotten of [God] the Father before all ages". c. God the Father will come again, at the end of history, to judge the living and the dead. 36. Roman Catholicism is based on the idea that a. God's revealed and authoritative truth is to be found only in the Holy Bible. b. the Church should always support the social, economic, and political status quo. c. the bread and wine in the Church's communion service are "transcendentalized" into the body and blood of Christ. d. the supreme teaching authority of the Church is vested personally in the Bishop of Rome (the "Pope"). 37. The two major Christian sacraments are a. confirmation and extreme unction. b. baptism and the Eucharist (holy communion). c. circumcision and chrismation. d. holy orders and holy matrimony. e. penance and absolution. 6

7 38. Classical Protestantism teaches which of the following doctrines? a. justification (salvation) by faith alone through the grace of God. b. transubstantiation. c. angelic revelation of God's word. d. scripture alone is the source of authority concerning the nature of God, nature, the human condition, and salvation. e. both a and d f. d only 39. The Christian doctrine of the Incarnation affirms that a. Jesus Christ has a divine but not human nature. b. Jesus Christ is half divine and half human. c. Jesus Christ is both fully divine and fully human. d. Jesus Christ is divine in certain respects and human in others. 40. Christianity added its books to those of the Hebrew Bible; the distinctively Christian books are collectively known as a. the New Testament. b. Revelations. c. Epistles. d. Pearls of Great Price. 41. The title "Christ" literally means a. Savior. b. Messiah. c. Demigod. d. Son of David. 42. The word "Islam" means a. righteousness. b. surrender (or submission). c. godliness. d. atonement. 43. Literally, the word "Muslim" means a person who a. struggles with God. b. submits to God. c. recites the entire Qur'an in Arabic once a year. d. chants the Bhagavad-Gita in Sanskrit one a year According to Islam, Muhammad a. was primarily a miracle worker. b. is the "seal" of the prophets (i.e., God's final prophet). c. was immediately successful in convincing the people of Mecca to adopt Islam. d. affirmed the Christian doctrine of the trinity. 7

8 45. Islam teaches that the Koran (Qur'an) is a. the holy word of God. b. the complete and verbatim (word for word exactly) record of God's revelation to Muhammad, presented in the order set forth originally by Muhammad. c. is a revelation of God's norms and standards of behavior to which Muslims must conform. d. The Koran (Qur an) is God s final word to mankind, and it supersedes and overrules all previous revelations - such as the Torah of Moses (the first five books of the Hebrew Bible/"Old Testament"), the Zabur (Psalms of David), the Injil (Gospel) of Jesus (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John), and the Qur an are all divinely inspired scriptures. e. all of the above 46. The Islamic creed or confession of faith (Shahadah) is, a. "There is no God but Allah (the God), and Muhammad is His Prophet." b. "I believe in God, the Father Almighty, who created the heaven and the earth." c. "Praise be to Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate, Creator of worlds, Ruler of the Day of Judgment." d. "Allah! There is no God save Him, the Alive, the Eternal. Neither slumber nor sleep overtaketh Him. Unto Him belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth.... His throne includeth the heavens and the earth, and He is never weary of preserving them. He is the Sublime, the Tremendous." 47. A secondary body of scripture containing stories ("traditions") about Muhammad's life and sayings is called the a. Shari'a. b. "The Arabian Nights." c. Hadith. d. Rubaiyat. 48. The phrase "Five Pillars of Islam" refers to a. the main mosque in Mecca. b. the first five books of the Qur'an. c. a book of Muslim architectural design. d. the fundamental and required practices of Islam. 49. The Islamic month of fasting is called a. Lent. b. Hajj. c. Ramadan. d. Nisan. 50. Which of the following are generally accepted meanings of the Islamic concept of Jihad? a. To use whatever means might be necessary - including terroristic tactics - to bring the entire world under the rule of Islamic law (Shari'a). b. To wage war on behalf and in defense of God and Islam. c. To destroy all non-islamic religions except Judaism and Christianity. d. To struggle against and overcome corruption within one's own soul. e. a, b, and c. f. b and d. 8

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