AP Art History Chapters 8-10 Study Guide

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1 This Study Guide is due not later than Friday, Nov. 17 th at the beginning of class. You will be tested over Ch on this date. Chapter 8 Identifications: Complete the following on note cards or your own paper. Remember that some of these might need explanations. You will have a vocabulary quiz over all 18 terms on Thursday, Nov. 9 th. 1. Abbey 2. Aisle 3. Apse 4. Baptistery 5. Catacombs 6. Cathedral 7. Central Plan 8. Clerestory 9. Codex 10. Confraternity 11. Cruciform 12. Eucharist 13. Evangelist 14. Iconostasis 15. Longitudinal Plan 16. Lunette 17. Manuscripts 18. Martyrium 19. Mausoleum 20. Menorah 21. Naos 22. Narthex 23. Orant 24. Oratory 25. Pantokrator 26. Parchment 27. Pendentive 28. Pentateuch 29. Pillar 30. Psalter 31. Putto (putti) 32. Relics 33. Synagogue 34. Transept 35. Vellum Questions: Answer each of the following completely! Early Christian Art 1. What is the significance of the house synagogue paintings of Dura Europas? 2. What were the catacombs? Explain their importance for Early Christians. 3. What did the story of Jonah symbolize to the Early Christian? 4. How was Christ most often represented during the Period of Persecution? 5. What is the significance of the following themes that appear on the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus? a. Christ seated between Saints Peter and Paul: b. Christ on a donkey: c. Adam and Eve: d. Daniel and the Lions Den: e. Abraham and Isaac: f. Christ before Pontius Pilate:

2 6. The chart on pg. 231 divides commonly depicted events of the life of Christ into 3 categories: 1) Incarnation & Childhood, 2) Ministry, and 3) Passion. Identify the following events in the appropriate category by placing a 1 for Incarnation & Childhood, a 2 for Ministry, or a 3 for Passion on the appropriate line: a) Adoration of the magi b) Agony in the Garden c) Annunciation d) Ascension e) Baptism f) Betrayal and Arrest g) Calling of Matthew h) Cleansing of the Temple i) Crucifixion j) Delivery of Keys to Peter k) Deposition l) Descent into Limbo m) Dispute at the temple n) Entry into Jerusalem o) Flagellation & Mocking p) Last Supper q) Massacre of Innocents & Flight into Egypt r) Miracles s) Nativity t) Noli Me Tangere u) Presentation at the Temple v) Resurrection w) Supper at Emmaus x) Three Marys at the Tomb y) Transfiguration z) Visitation 7. Two architectural sources for the Early Christian Basilica of Old St. Peter s in Rome were: a. b. 8. How did Early Christian builders modify the plan of the Roman basilica in order to convert it to Christianity? 9. How does the Church of Santa Costanza differ from basilican churches? What may have been its original purpose? 10. What qualities of the mosaic medium made Santa Costanza the favorite of Early Christian and Byzantine artists? 11. What Roman illusionistic elements were retained into the Early Christian mosaic The Parting of Lot and Abraham (Fig. 8-20)? 12. Identify TWO remnants of Roman illusionism that can be found in the mosaic Christ the Good Shepherd from Galla Placidia (Fig. 8-23)

3 Chapter 9 Identifications: Complete the following on note cards or your own paper. Remember that some of these might need explanations. You will have a vocabulary quiz over all Ch terms on Tuesday, Nov. 14 th 1. Anastasis 2. Chi-Rho-iota 3. Cloisonné 4. Continuous narration 5. Corpus Juris Civilis 6. Doges 7. Icon 8. Iconoclasm 9. Katholikon 10. Mandorla 11. Monastery 12. Monasticism 13. Mosque 14. Muqarnas 15. parekklesion 16. Paten 17. Pendentive 18. Princeps 19. Refectory 20. Squinch 21. Templon 22. Theotokos 23. Triptych Early Byzantine Art 1. List 4 features that Justinian adopted from the Roman past as seen in the Barberini Ivory (Fig. 9-4): a. c. b. d. 2. What feature makes the Barberini Ivory Christian and not pagan? 3. In what ways does the ivory of St. Michael the Archangel (Fig. 9-2) reflect Classical prototypes? What new compositional devices are used? What is the meaning of the lobe surmounted by the cross? 4. Give the following information about the Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople: a. Meaning of the name: b. Patron: c. Architects: d. Brief description of plan and structure: 5. How does a pendentive work in architecture? Draw a sketch of a pendentive in the space provided.

4 6. Who were Justinian and Theodora? What is the subject of the mosaics in which they are represented in the apse of San Vitale? 7. The symbols found in the mosaics of these historic figures are significant. In the spaces below, find the information requested. a. What does Justinian s halo signify? b. What explanation is given for the curious overlapping of Justinian and Maximianus? 8. Explain the meaning of the following symbols from the apse mosaic of Sant Apollinaire in Classe. a. Jeweled cross: b. Three sheep below the cross: c. Twelve sheep: d. Compare the mosaic from Sant Apollinaire with that from the mausoleum of Galla Placidia and describe the stylistic changes that have occurred. 9. What is the subject of the apse mosaic from the monastery of St. Catherine on Mt. Sinai? List 3 stylistic features of the mosaic: a. b. c. 10. In what significant way does the representation of the Ascension in the Rabbula gospels differ from biblical accounts of the event? 11. What was the significance of icons in Byzantine worship? 12. What effect did the Iconoclast controversy have on the visual arts? Middle Byzantine Art 13. What is significant about the including of the image of the Virgin (Theotokos) and Child enthroned (Fig. 9-20) in Hagia Sophia in the 9 th century? a. List 2 contradictory stylistic features contained in the mosaic: i. ii. 14. List 3 characteristics typical of Middle Byzantine churches:

5 15. Describe 2 features that identify St. Mark s (Fig. 9-27) in Venice as a Byzantine building: a. b. 16. Give an example of Byzantine influence in the mosaics of the Norman Kings at Monreale (Fig. 9-28). a. The plan of the church shows western influence. What type of plan is it? 17. What earlier style was revived in the so-called Paris Psalter? 18. What Byzantine characteristics are apparent in the icon called the Vladimir Virgin (Fig. 9-32)? 19. List 3 characteristics that differentiate late Byzantine churches from Middle Byzantine examples: a. b. c. 20. List 3 hallmarks of the style of Andrei Rublyev: a. b. c. Chapter 10 Identifications: Complete the following on note cards or your own paper. Remember that some of these might need explanations. You will have a vocabulary quiz over all Ch terms on Thursday, Nov. 16 th 1. Abbasids 2. Arabesque 3. Caliphs 4. Calligraphy 5. Cuerda seca 6. Domed central plan 7. Emir 8. Fatimids 9. Hadith 10. Hijra 11. Imam 12. Iwan 13. Kaaba 14. Koran (Qur an) 15. Kufic 16. Madrasa 17. Maqsura 18. Mihrab 19. Minarets 20. Minbar 21. Qibla wall 22. Umayyad Early Islamic Art 1. Where was the Dome of the Rock constructed? What influenced the shape and decoration? 2. List 4 features of the Great Mosque at Damascus that show the influence of the Greco-Roman world? 3. Why are there NO human forms or animal forms in the mosaics of the Great Mosque at Damascus? 4. All mosques are oriented toward the city of. 5. What seems to have been the purpose and function of early rural Muslim palaces?

6 6. Describe the decoration from the frieze from the Mshatta Palace (Fig. 10-6b). 7. Why were textiles so highly valued in the Islamic world? Late Islamic Art 8. What is the Alhambra and what were its lush gardens intended to evoke? 9. Describe the features of the Great Mosque of Isfahan that became standard for Iranian mosque design. 10. List three types of objects that were often decorated with calligraphy: 11. What were some examples of luxury items, for whom were these created, and for what purpose were these created?

7 Directions: Complete the graphic organizer comparing the three major artistic periods we will be studying in these chapters. Late Antiquity Byzantine Islam How does the art of these cultures impact the art of contemporary cultures? Cite specific examples. AP Art History Principal deity/deities portrayed in the art of this culture? If no deity is portrayed, why? Explain how this artistic period is influenced by its previous culture. What artistic transitions are found within this culture? Cite evidence.

Can you describe the typical Byzantine church (plan, elevation and ornamentation) and explain how it changed from the Early to Late Byzantine period?

CHAPTER 12 Can you describe the typical Byzantine church (plan, elevation and ornamentation) and explain how it changed from the Early to Late Byzantine period? Can you explain how pendentives and squinches