GOD REMEMBERS. VU University Press TOWARDS A THEOLOGY OF REMEMBRANCE AS A BASIS OF RECONCILIATION IN COMMUNAL CONFLICT -,._ ". "...

Transcription

1 ". "...tsronmedbrgc -,._ Binsar Jonathan PakpahanSROMGEDB GOD REMEMBERS TOWARDS A THEOLOGY OF REMEMBRANCE AS A BASIS OF RECONCILIATION IN COMMUNAL CONFLICT VzyxwvutsrponmlkjihgfedcbaZYWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA VU University Press

2 AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THEOLOGY AND RELIGIONmaXTSRPONLIEA (AmSTaR) TheywvutsrponmlihgfedcbaUTSRNIHGEDCBA Amsterdam Studies in Theology and Religion (AmSTaR) is a peer-reviewed publication ofvu University Press in cooperation with VISOR (VU Institute for the Study of Religion, Culture and Society) and the Faculty of Theology. It publishes dissertations and scholarly monographs on a wide range of issues pertaining to theology and religion. The series is open to publications in English, German and Dutch. Editorial Board Prof. dr.xtsrponlkihaywvutsrponmlkjihgfedcba C. van der Kooi Dr. J.W. van Saane Prof. dr. J.T. Sunier Dr. P.G.A. Versteeg Executive Editor Dr. A.W. Zwiep Volume 2 Vol. I C. van der Kooi, E. van Staalduine-Sulrnan, A.W. Zwiep (eds.), Evangelical Theology in Transition: Essays Under the Auspices of the Center of Evangelical and Reformation Theology (2012) Vol. 2 B.J. Pakpahan, God Remembers: Towards a Theology of Remembrance as a Basis of Reconciliation in Communal Conflict (2012) Vol. 3 P.B.A. Smit, Tradition in Dialogue: A Historical Study of the Notion of'tradition" in the International Bilateral Dialogues of the Anglican Communion (forthcoming).

3 God RememberszyxwvutsrponmlkjihgfedcbaZYWVUT Towards a Theology of Remembrance as a Basis of Reconciliation in Communal Conflict B.J. Pakpahan VU University Press

4 ContentszyxwvutsrponmlkjihgfedcbaZYWVUTSRQPONMLK List of Abbreviations Acknowledgments xi xiii Chapter 1. Introduction 1. Signs of a Growing Culture of RemembrancextsrponlkihaYWVUTSR l 2. To Remember or to Forget? 3 3 What is Remembrance? 7 4 Shared Memory and Reconciliation 8 5. Remembrance of Conflict in the Church Christian Remembrance 14 7 The Research Question Development of the Argument.. 18 Chapter 2. The Wounds of the Past in the Huria Kristen Batak Protestan 1. Huria Kristen Batak Protestan (HKBP) A Brief History of the Church The Influence of Batak Culture in HKBP The Structure of the Church The HKBP Crisis The Beginning of the Conflict Conflict between Ephorus and Secretary General The 51s1 General Synod The Inauguration of Rev. S.M. Siahaan as Acting Ephorus The Extraordinary General Synod February 11-13, Two Conflicting Groups 50 3 The Confrontations Legal Confrontation Physical Confrontation Separation of Congregations 60

5 viiiywvutsrponmlihgfedcbautsrnihgedcba God Remembers 4. Reconciliation Efforts Reconciliation Effort within the Church Reconciliation Effort by Communion of Churches in Indonesia (PGI) Reconciliation Effort by Government Representatives Reconciliation General Synod After 1998 Reconciliation General Synod Analysis of the Conflict An Anthropological Analysis A Political-Theological Analysis A Church-Political Analysis Was the 1998 Reconciliation General Synod Enough? Conclusion 90 Chapter 3. Biblical Meaning of Remembrance 1. Social Memory in Biblical Context Remembrance in the Old Testament The Role of Memory in the Old Testament Community "Zakhar" as the Central Expression for Remembrance in the Old Testament Etymology, Occurrences, Contexts, and Usages Hebrew Psychology of Memory Aspects of Remembrance in the Old Testament God Remembers PeoplextsrponlkihaYWVUTSRPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA People Remember God The Cultic Representation of the Past Remembrance in Connection with Forgiveness and Reconciliation Hosea: God Remembers Sins Malachi 3:16: The Book of Remembrance Nehemiah 9:1-3T The Great Confession of Sins Jeremiah 31:34: God Remembers Sins No More Remembrance in the New Testament The Role of Memory in the Early Communities in Jesus' Time Linguistic Analysis of Memory in the New Testament Anamnesis in Hebrew 10:3: The Memorial of Sins 139

6 IntroductionxtsrponlkihaYWVUTSRPONMLKJIHGFE ixzyxwvutsrponmlkjih 6. Anamnesis in the Eucharist The Four Texts '~~ The Eucharist and the God who Remembers The Eucharist and Passover The Eucharist and Sacrificial Act Conclusion 154 Chapter 4. Towards a Theology of Remembrance 1. Johann Baptist Metz: Memoria Passion is as Dangerous Memory The Bourgeois Church, Middle Class Religion, and Post-Bourgeois World Political Theology Memory and Time Dangerous Memory: Memoria Passionis Memory of Suffering? Flora Keshkegian: Redeeming Memories for Healing and Transformation Alexander Schmemann: The Eucharist and Liturgical Memory Crisis in the Church Liturgical Theology The Central Place of the Eucharist Liturgy of Time Sacrament of Remembrance :: Joyous Communal Memory Liturgical Theology and Political Theology in Dialogue Miroslav Volf: The End of Memory Volf's View on Forgiveness The Role of Memory Remember Truthfully A Community ofremembrance The End of Memory? Metz, Schmemann, and Volf in Dialogue 226

7 xywvutsrponmlihgfedcbautsrnihgedcba God Remembers Chapter 5. Remembrance in the Liturgy of the Eucharist 1. Liturgy and Remembrance 232xtsrpo I.l The Contribution of the Three Theologians in the Liturgy of the Eucharist Elements of the Eucharist The Elements of Eucharist in the BEM Document The Elements of the BEM Eucharistic Liturgy Lima Liturgy of the Eucharist The Liturgy of HKBP 265 j.i Order of the Sunday Service The Preparation Service for the Celebration of the Eucharist The Eucharistic Liturgy after the Preparation Service The Eucharistic Liturgy without Preparation Service Eucharistic Liturgy: A Space for Healing Memories Proposed Preparation Service of the Eucharist Proposed Eucharistic Liturgy after Preparation Service Conclusion 296 Chapter 6. God Remembers 1. The Importance of Remembrance To Create a Redemptive Memory The Eucharist and Justice Epilogue Bibliography 1. Books Articles in Books and Journals Dictionaries and Encyclopedias Internet Resources Newspaper Articles Indexes 1. Index of Names, Index of Biblical References.

8 BINSAR JONATHAN PAKPAHAN [1980) STARTED HIS THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION AT JAKARTA THEOLOGI- CAL SEMINARY [STT JAKARTA), EARNED HIS M.A. AND PH.D. IN THEOLOGY AT VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM. HE IS A PASTOR OF THE HURIA KRISTEN BATAK PROTESTAN [HKBP), HAS SERVED AS A FULL-TIME PASTOR IN THE GEREJA KRISTEN INDONESIA NEDERLAND [GKIN) AND NOW TEACHES AT JAKARTA THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. HE HAS PUBLISHED SEVERAL ARTICLES IN INTERNATIONAL THEOLOGICAL JOURNALS, AND IS EDITOR OF THE THEOLOGICAL JOURNALmaXTSRPONLIEA SOLA EXPERIENTIA. I