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1 INDEX Aachen, 31 councils (860), 85, 89, 91 palace, 31, 125 Adalbero, archbishop of Rheims, 124, 125 Adalbero, bishop of Laon, 150 Adalelm, count of Troyes, 44 Adso of Montier-en-Der, 115 Adventius, bishop of Metz, 31, 85 advocates, 27 8, 194, 223, Aguilcourt (Aisne), 37, 38, 39, 71 Alberic of Troisfontaines, 129, 141 Albero, archbishop of Trier, 208 Albert of Aachen, 211 Aleran, count of Troyes, 53 Alliancelles (Marne), 246 Althoff, Gerd, historian, 9, 88, 90, 91, 96, 225 Amalarius of Trier, 73, 160, 219 Andernach, fisc, 63 Annals of St-Bertin, 89, 95 Anselm of St-Rémi, 115, 132 Arches, castle (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 239 Are, county, 228, 230 aristocrats, 42 definition of, 50 estates, 64 72, residence, 55 retinues, 55 6, 234 See also bannum, castles; fiefs; kinship; lordship; milites; violence Arlon, county, 113, 228 Arnulf, archbishop of Rheims, 120, 163 Arnulf, emperor, 110, 114, 252 Ars-en-Moselle (Moselle), 62 assemblies, 45 6, 94 Attigny, palace, 41, 85, 94, 119 Autry, castle (Ardennes), 192 Avenay, convent, 43, 247, 250 Awans (Belgium), 23 Balderic of Florennes, 208 Bannleihe, 223 bannum, 22, , 190, 196, 230 See also customs Bar-le-Duc, 112 battle (1037), 127 county, 143, 144, 228, 229, 236, 245, 247, See also Sophie Bar-sur-Aube, 239 Barthélemy, Dominique, historian, 3, 5, 151, 256 Bastogne, county, 143 Beauvais, 31 Benno, bishop of Metz, 120 Bernold, Frankish layman, 26 Bertram, count, 22 Beuvillers (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 177 Bisson, Thomas, historian, 4 Bitche (Moselle), 230 Boso, count, 122, 131 Bouxières, convent, 124 Bovo, bishop of Châlons, 115 Bray, castle (Seine-et-Marne), 193 Breteuil, county, 231 Brienne, 228 counts of, county, 228, 229, 246 Brixey, county, 230 Bruno, archbishop of Cologne, 117 Bruno, archbishop of Trier, 215, 216, 220 Bruno, bishop of Toul. See Leo IX, pope Bruoch (Moselle), 152 Caesarius of Prüm, 64, 66 Cambrai, bishops, 51 cancellarius, 145, 147 capitularies, 20, 25, 41, 46, 60, 75, 95 De Villis, 92 Quierzy (873), 25 Worms (829),

2 castles, 134, 144 5, 191 4, centenarius, 57, 75 Châlons, 31, 129, 251 bishops, 32, , 126, 192, 237, See also Bovo; Erchenraus; Gibuin; Mancio; Philip; Roger I; Roger II; Roger III; William; Willibert council (1107), 215 Chaource (Aube), 58 Chappes, castle (Aube), 192, 229 Charlemagne, emperor, 21, 22, 40, 92, 124 Charles of Lorraine, 115, 125, 163, 164, 251, 253 Charles the Bald, king, 21, 25, 31, 41, 42, 45, 46, 62, 64, 72, 83, 85, 95, 109 Charles the Fat, emperor, 89, 110, 135, 136, 252 Charles the Simple, king, 110, 114, 134, 135, 136, 166, 251, 252 Charles the Younger, 51 charters, 99, 141, 151, 154 7, Chateau-Porcien, 230 county, 230, 246 Chateau-Porcien (Ardennes), 177 Châtenois, castle (Vosges), 239 Chaumousey, monastery, 174, 238, 245 Chauny (Aisne), lordship, 245 Chiny, county, 228 Christian of Stavelot, 99 Chrodegang, bishop of Metz, 183 Clermont (Meuse), 112 Clermont (Oise), county, 228 climate change, Cluny, monastery, 59, 163, 249 coins, 40, 118, 124, 125, 211, 237 coloni, 24, 39, 72, 73, 83 Commercy, castle (Meuse), 207, 231 Compiègne, 43 monastery, 43, 248 palace, 118 Cond (Rheinland-Pfalz), 37 Condé (Marne), 58 Condé (Meuse), 243 Cormicy (Marne), 55 Coucy (Aisne), 231 castle, 231 lordship, 245 Couleuvreux (Marne), 51 counts, 20 2, 99, 142, 143 5, 148, Courcelles (Aisne), 66 Courtisols (Marne), 75, 76 Coutumier de Champagne, 213 crosier. See staff curiae, 229 customs (consuetudines), 56, 180, 184 5, 194, 254 Dabo, county, 228 Dammartin, county, 228, 229 Dampierre, county, 131, 246 demographic expansion, 175, 257 Destry (Moselle), 145, 146 county, 143 Deuilly (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 177 Dodincourt (Aube), 41 Douzy (Ardennes), 73 Drogo, bishop of Metz, 23 Duby, Georges, historian, 2, 3, 17, 24, 78, 178, 196, 255 Dudo of Saint-Quentin, 167 Ebbo, archbishop of Rheims, 92, 95 Echternach, monastery, 44, 158, 244, 250 Elaphius, bishop of Châlons, 116 Epernay (Marne), 62, 177 Erchenraus, bishop of Châlons, 89 Evergnicourt (Aisne), 183 Ezzonids, family, 128 Favières (Seine-et-Marne), 74 Feoda Campanie, 212 feudalism (historical concept), 199, 221, fiefs, 199, 200 6, 215, 225 fisc, 40, 62, 63, 65, 72, 92, 119 See also Andernach; Frankfurt; Remiremont; Theux; Thommen fiscalini, 65 Flamersheim (Nordrhein-Westphalia), 183 Fleury-la-Rivière (Marne), 41 Flodoard of Rheims, 22, 55, 117, 122, 144, 165, 166 Folcuin, free man, 23 Folembray (Aisne), 38, 39 Franci homines, 24, 71 Frankfurt, 63 council (1001), 114 fisc, 63 Frederick I, duke, 144 Frothar, bishop of Toul, 31, 81 Frotmund, bishop of Troyes, 121 Frouard (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 70 functionalism (anthropological model), 226 Galbert of Bruges, 207, 211 Gerard I, duke, 128 Gerard of Vaudémont, count, 247 Gerard, count, 128 Gerbert, archbishop of Rheims, 131, 164, 165 Gervaise I, archbishop of Rheims, 121, 129 Gervaise II, archbishop of Rheims, 121 Gibuin, bishop of Châlons, 115, 120 gifts, 45, 80 3, 92,

3 Gilbert, duke of Lotharingia, 122 Godfrey of Ardennes, 124, 131 Godfrey the Bearded, duke, 126, 127, 236 Gondreville, 31 council (869), 86 palace, 31 Gorze, monastery, 58, 59, 69, 71, 124, 147, 152, 154, 176, 183, 190, 193, 200 cartulary, 183 charters, Gottschalk, 93 Grandpré, county, 228 Gregory VII, pope, 115, 215, 237 Guibert of Nogent, 209 Hagano, favourite of Charles the Simple, 110 Heiligenbösch (Rheinland-Pfalz), 34 Henry I, king of East Francia, 111, 120, 166, 252 Henry I, king of West Francia, 113, 115, 116, 118, 121, 127 Henry II, emperor, 112, 116, 117, 120 Henry III, emperor, 113, 126, 127, 236 Henry IV, emperor, 120 Henry V, emperor, 112, 113, 214, 216 Henry, archbishop of Trier, 113 Henry, bishop of Soissons, 221 Heribert the Young, 125 Heribert II of Vermandois, 123, 125, 130 Heribert the Old, 125 Heribertiner, family, 124 Hérival statutes, 211 Herman, bishop of Metz, 214 Hesso scholasticus, 216 Hincmar, archbishop of Rheims, 15, 22, 26, 27, 31, 32, 39, 44, 45, 55, 60, 70, 73, 77, 85, 88, 90, 93, 95, 101, 156, 217 episcopal statutes, 35, 82 Hincmar, bishop of Laon, 32, 45, 53, 74, 77, 85, 89, 96 Hochstaden, county, 228 homage, , 214, 227 Hornbach, monastery, 63 Houdilcourt (Ardennes), 246 Hugh Capet, king, 111, 115, 118, 120, 251 Hugh of Flavigny, 214 Hugh of Montfélix, 193 Hugh, archbishop of Rheims, 125 Hugh, count of Champagne, Hugo Metellus, 217 Humbert of Moyenmoutier, 215, 218, 219 Hunald of Toul, 217 immunity, 22, 72, 186 Indiculus Loricatorum, 113, 252 Ingelheim, 114 council (972), 114 palace, 117 Innes, Matthew, historian, 6, 9, 257 investiture, , 224 See also rings, bishops ; staff Ivois (Ardennes), 144 Jacob of Germigny, 205 John, abbot of Gorze, 152, 161, 162 John, abbot of St-Arnulf, 161 Joinville, lordship (Haute-Marne), 129, 245 Joscelin, miles, 238 Katzelnbogen, county, 231 Kerpen, castle (Saarland), 192 Kimmlinger (Rheinland-Pfalz), 34 kings. See capitularies; fisc; immunity; military service appointment of bishops, 30 1, court, 45, 83, 86, 94, 114, 136 donations, 41 2 visiting Upper Lotharingia and Champagne, 118 kinship, 52, 193 La Ferté-Milon, castle (Aisne), 145 Langres, 35, 117, 209 bishops, 120, 217 Laon, 24, 62, 117, 142 bishops, 32, 71, 124 See Adalbero; Hincmar Laroche, county, 228 lay abbots, 44, 52 Lay, castle (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 193 Leo IX, pope, 114, 117, 121, 216 Leudomirus, bishop of Châlons, 116 Lex Salica, 24 Liber de divinis officiis, liturgy, 37, 39, 86, 101, 102, 103, 161, 163, 217, 263 Longpont (Aisne), 177 lordship, 76 7, 79, 84, 179, 186 7, 188 9, 196 Lothar I, emperor, 23, 25, 27, 40, 42, 46, 61, 68 Lothar II, king, 23, 40, 50, 85, 89, 91, 109 Lothar, king of West Francia, 111, 117, 120, 125 Louis IV, king of West Francia, 111, 112, 117, 125, 251 Louis VI, king, 112, 113, 115, 118, 131, 221 Louis the German, king, 55, 90, 110 Louis the Pious, emperor, 46, 47, 63, 85, 96 Louis the Stammerer, king, 41, 55 Louvain, county, 245 Lupus of Ferrières, 31, 93, 101 Luxembourg, county, 113, 228, 236, 244, 245,

4 Mainard, bishop of Troyes, 121 Maingaud, count, 44 mallum, 24, 25, 86, 145, 146 Manasses I, archbishop of Rheims, 218 Mancio, bishop of Châlons, 115 Mandray (Vosges), 194, 195 mansi, 43, 62, 66 mansus, 35, 67, 175 Matfrid I, count, 61, 93 Matfrid II, count, 61 Matfridings, family, 122 Mathilda of Tuscany, 131 Matthew, duke, 182, 245 Meaux, bishops, 217 Meaux-Paris, council (845), 52, 73 meeting places, Mehring (Rheinland-Pfalz), 69 Meilberg, castle (Moselle), 112 memory institutional, 32, 251 village-level, 38, 65 Mettlach, monastery, 131, 149 Güterrolle, 113, 150, 194 Metz, 33, 92, 95, 110, 112, 117, 120, 125, 158, 174, 211 bishops, 22, 32, 113, 124, 217, See also Adventius; Benno; Chrodegang; Drogo; Herman council (893), 36 counts, 29, 54 military service, 31, 112, 113, 115 milites, 188, 223 Mitry (Seine-et-Marne), 75 monasteries, 43 4, 52, 250, See also advocates; immunity; lay abbots Montfaucon, monastery, 43, 56 Montiéramey, monastery, 53, 150, 248 Montier-en-Der, monastery, 59, 69, 70, 74, 107, 132, 154, 191, 193, 247, 248 polyptych, 81, 153 Moore, R.I., historian, 4 Morsberg, county, 228, 230 Morville (Moselle), 151 Mousson, county, 228 Mouzon, 38, 117, 144 council (1119), 216 Mouzon, monastery, 176 Moyenmoutier, monastery, 216, 223, 245 Murbach, monastery, 25 Nancy, castle (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 239 Nesle-la-Resposte, monastery, 250 Neufchâteau, castle (Vosges), 239 Neuilly-Saint-Front (Aisne), 42 Neuville-en-Laonnois (Aisne), 66 Nicholas I, pope, 85 Nivin, 24, 74 Nogent-sur-Seine (Aube), 41 Notre-Dame (St-Jean), Laon, convent, 131 Odalric, archbishop of Rheims, 124 Odo of Châteaudun, 53 Odo I, count of Blois, 125 Odo II, count of Blois, 126, 131, 207, 230 Odo III, count of Troyes, 127 Odo, abbot of St-Rémi, 182 Odo, king, 110 Orbais, monastery, 248 Othar, count, 26 Otto I, emperor, 116, 161, 162 Otto II, emperor, 113, 117 Otto III, emperor, 113 pagus, 140 2, 143 Paschal II, pope, 214, 215, 221 Paschasius of Corbie, 61 pauperes, 49, 51, 57, 60, 81 peace movements, 131 peasants, 56, 64 7, 71, 74 5, 82, 151, 152, 180, 235, See also coloni; mansi; fiscalini; Franci homines; servi penitentials, 37 periodisation, 1, 4, 262 Petrusstaab, 218 Philip I, king, 113, 115, 127 Philip, bishop of Châlons, 115 Pibo, bishop of Toul, 120 Pierrefonds, castle (Oise), 231 Pîtres, Edict of, 72, 84 polyptychs, 74 See also Montier-en-Der; Prüm; St-Rémi Pompey (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 34 Ponthieu, county, 248 Ponthion, palace, 94, 119 Pontifical of Poitiers, 159 potestas, 71 principalities, 240 1, Pringy, castle (Marne), 239 Privilegium Maius, 216 Provins, 230 Prüm, monastery, 23, 26, 43, 44, 56, 59, 63, 69, 154, 223, 251 cartulary, 115 polyptych, 45, 76, 81, 153 Pseudo-Alcuin. See Liber de divinis officiis Pseudo-Isidorian decretals, 35, 73, 214 Quierzy, palace, 41, 45,

5 Radulf, archbishop of Rheims, 221, See also Rodulf Rainald II, archbishop of Rheims, 182 Ramerupt (Aube) castle, 144, 193 county, 143, 228 Rankweil, 59, 68 Ratramnus of Corbie, 187 Redactio Fuldensis-Trevirensis, 163 Redactio sancti Emmerammi, 162 Regimbald, count, 145, 151 Reginar, 44, 122 Reginar, count, 56 Regino of Prüm, 101, 135, 159 Remiremont convent, 23, 52, 149, 150, 153, 176, 203, 223, 245, 250 fisc, 63 Rethel, county, 228, 246 revolution (historical concept), 261 Reynel, county, 124, 230 Reynolds, Susan, historian, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 209, 221, 225, 256 Rheims, 21, 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, 35, 45, 55, 110, 112, 117, 118, 122, 129, 131, 159, 165, 177, 239 archbishops, 22, 29, 31, 55, 71, 111, 124, 130, 181, See also Adalbero; Arnulf; Ebbo; Gerbert; Gervaise I; Gervaise II; Hincmar; Hugh; Manasses I; Odalric; Radulf; Rainald II council (835), 92 council (1049), 115, 121, 132 council (1119), 221 Richard, abbot of St-Vanne, 131 Richer of Rheims, 107, 122, 165 rings, bishops, 92, 216, 217, 220 Robert of Rheims, 208 Robert the Pious, king, 115, 118, 119 Robert, count of Troyes, 53, 125 Roden (Saarland), 194 Rodolf (Raoul), king of West Francia, 111, 122 Rodulf of Valois, count, 239 Roger I, bishop of Châlons, 115 Roger II, bishop of Châlons, 115 Roger III, bishop of Châlons, 115 Rosnay, 177 Rothad, bishop of Soissons, 43, 47, 88 Roucy, county, 228, 229, 246 Rozay (Seine-et-Marne), 246 Rudolf I, king of Burgundy, 110 Rudolf, abbot of St-Trond, 173 Rumigny, castle (Ardennes), 231 rumour, 92 Salm, county, 228, 245 Samoussey, palace, 41 Sandrat of St-Maximin, 163 Sarrewerden, county, 245 Sayn, county, 228 Seher, abbot of Chaumousey, 238 Sendgericht, 34 Servais, palace, 41 servi, 23, 66, 73, 76 Sigibert of Gembloux, 127, 205, 216 Smaragdus of St-Mihiel, 41, 49, 78, 103 Soissons, 117 battle (923), 111, 252 bishops, 71, See also Henry; Rothad county, 230 Sophie, countess of Bar, 243 Soulosse (Vosges), 144 St Balsemius, 144 St Germanus, 55 St Remigius (Rémi), 70, 81, 83 St Rigobert, 66 St Theodulf, 51 St Victor, 150 St Voulgis, 144 staff, 119, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 St-Arnulf, monastery, 23, 151, 154, 237 Stavelot, monastery, 37, 47, 56, 59, 71, 113, 147, 152, 154, 175 St-Basle, council (991), 163 St-Bénigne, monastery, 30, 59, 154 St-Denis, monastery, 30, 41, 47 St-Dié, monastery, 194, 245 St-Dizier (Haute-Marne), 177, 193 Stenay, church, 14, 122 St-Evre, monastery, 114, 245 St-Hubert, monastery, 51, 183 St-Leo, monastery, 245 St-Lupus, monastery, 44 St-Marie Metz, monastery, 174 St-Marie-aux-Bois, monastery, 238 St-Martin Metz, monastery, 152, 238 St-Martin-des-Champs, monastery, 191 St-Maur-des-Fossés, monastery, 23, 69, 76 St-Maximin, monastery, 44, 59, 147, 150, 154, 174, 223, 244, 247, 250 St-Médard, monastery, 30 St-Mihiel, monastery, 27, 49, 59, 111, 154, 182, 200, 218, 243, 247, 250 St-Nicaise, monastery, 205, 246 St-Pierre-aux-Dames, convent, 238 St-Pierre-aux-Monts, monastery, 184 St-Pierre-aux-Nonnains, convent, 182,

6 St-Pierremont, monastery, 242 St-Prix (Val d Oise), 177 St-Rémi, monastery, 23, 56, 75, 81, 150, 175, 176, 181, 246 polyptych, 66, 153 St-Riquier, monastery, 248 St-Thierry, monastery, 185 St-Trond, monastery, 173 St-Urbain, monastery, 43, 245, 250 St-Vanne, monastery, 59, 107, 148, 176, 207, 208 Suger, abbot of St-Denis, 189, 210 Tauriacus, perhaps St-Benôit-sur-Seine (Aube), 245 Theobald II, count of Blois, 131 Theoderic of Alsace, count of Flanders, 207 Theoderic, bishop of Cambrai, 95 Theoderic, bishop of Minden, 90 Theoderic, bishop of Verdun, 220 Theoderic I, duke, 128 Theoderic II, duke of Upper Lotharingia, 237 9, 240 Theutberga, queen, 41, 91 Theuthild, abbess of Remiremont, 93 Theux (Belgium), fisc, 63 Thiofrid of Echternach, 115 Thionville council (835), 94 palace, 94, 117, 119 Thommen (Belgium), fisc, 63 Tincry, castle (Moselle), 192 tithes, 39, 61 toponyms (as family names), 189 Torcy-le-Petit (Aube), 70 Toul, 31, 47, 56, 81, 117, 132, 146, 236 bishops, 31, 113, 201, 238, See also Frothar; Leo IX; Pibo counts, 230 Tribur, council (895), 114 Trier, 33, 56, 112, 117, 119, 120, 131, 176, 211, 216 archbishops, 22, 113, 114, 116, 152, 201, 217, 236, See also Albero; Bruno; Henry council (1044), 131 Trigny (Marne), 185, 230 Trising, priest, 38 Trosly, council (909), 56 Troyes, 118, 132, 175, 239 bishops, 121, See also Frotmund; Mainard council (1107), 221 counts, 29, 53 4, 121, 146, See also Adalelm; Aleran; Hugh; Robert Unibos, eleventh-century narrative, 180 Urban II, pope, 214 Vallange (Moselle), 70 Valmünster (Moselle), 113 Vanault (Marne), 38, 74, 193 Vandières (Marne), 62 Vandières (Meurthe-et-Moselle), 182 vassali, 55, 206 Vaudémont, county, 228, 245, 247 Ver, palace, 41 Verdun, 53, 117, 125, 173 bishops, 32, 43, 53, 114, 124, 214, 217, See also Theoderic county, 230 Veuxhaules (Aube), 177 Vianden, county, 231, 245 Vikings, 40, 133 Villance (Belgium), 41, 58 violence, 3, 20, 55 7, 83 4, 87, 92, 150, 173 Vitry (Marne), 122, 128, 246 Voncq (Ardennes), 26 Vrilly (Marne), 182 Waldrada, consort of King Lothar II, 91 Walo of St-Arnulf, 218 Walter of Balléville, miles, 238 Wandalbert of Prüm, 65 Warcq, castle (Ardennes), 193 Wasserbillig (Luxembourg), 152 Wenilo, archbishop of Sens, 95 Wenric of Trier, 214 White, Stephen, historian, 4 Wickham, Chris, historian, 9, 25, 67, 261 Wido of Möeslains, 193 William, bishop of Châlons, 115 Willibert, bishop of Châlons, 32 Winebert, 23 Wissembourg, monastery, 25, 39, 59, 69 Worms, council (858), 90 Xhoris (Belgium), 152 Zwentibold, king, 110, 119, 122, 134, 135,

7 MANUSCRIPTS INDEX AD de l Aisne, MS 455, 21, n.9 AD de l Aube, H 81, 245, n.85 AD de la Haute-Marne,7 H 2, 177, n.15, and 193, n.83 AD de la Marne,56 H 1029, 175, n.8 Arras, Bibliothèque Municipale, MS lat. 964, 181, n.37 Bern, Burgerbibliothek, Cod. 292, 216, n.75 Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, MS , 224 Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, MS , 217, n.79, 224, n.108 Laon, Bibliothèque Municipale, MS 288, 38 London, British Library Addit.19725, 37 Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale MS 226, 27,n.35 Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 3851, 34, n.72 Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 14508, 37 Oxford, Bodleian Library, Bodley Eng. Hist. c.242, 75, n.150 Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 8922, 224, n.108 Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 9421, 158 Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 9654, 21, n. 10 Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat , 145, n.19 Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, nouv. acq., lat. 1608, 177, n.15, 229, n.6 and 242, n.64 Rheims, Bibliothèque Municipale, MS lat. 15, 210 and 220, n.108 Rheims, Bibliothèque Municipale, MS lat. 85, 184, n.44 Trier, Stadtbibliothek, Hs1245, 87, n.32 Troyes, Bibliothèque Municipale, MS 1979, 35 Troyes, Bibliothèque Municipale, MS 804, 160, n. 78 Vatican, Biblioteca apostolica Vaticana, Reg. lat. 1283, 124, n.62 and 126, n.72 Verdun, Bibliothèque Municipale MS 69, 37 Vienna, Österreiche Nationalbibliothek, cod. 529,