Prayer & Holy Week. St. Joseph s Academy PRAYER UNIT 1

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1 Prayer & Holy Week St. Joseph s Academy S2 PRAYER UNIT 1

2 What is Prayer? Prayer is how we communicate with God. When you communicate with someone you have to talk and you have to listen. Prayer can take place in private, in our room; in the car or out in the open. Prayer can also take place in public in churches, sports stadiums, parks or even beaches. When people talk to God sometimes they use set prayers that they have learned like the Our Father or the Hail Mary or they combine these prayers together while thinking about different episodes from the life of Jesus - that prayer is called the Rosary. At other times people just say or think about what is on their mind at the time or they might read and reflect on a passage of scripture from the Bible. When people listen to God it is most often done by listening to someone reading a passage of scripture from the Bible. Catholics do this every time they go to Mass. What they have to do is think about what message the scripture passage has for them in their lives and how they can act on it in a way that God would want. At other times people can just meditate on a few words from the Gospels and try to think about their meaning. PRAYER UNIT 2

3 Why and Where do People Pray? Prayer is an important part of every religion in the world. Every religion builds its own places to pray and worship. Ever since the beginning humans have prayed to God because they believed there was something greater than them that was responsible for everything they could see around them. People believed God had created their world and the universe and that God had the power to help them when they needed help. So people prayed to God when people were sick, or for good harvests or for protection from their enemies. Today, millions of people, from different religions pray to God for all sorts of reasons. In Christianity, people usually pray for 3 reasons 1. to ask God for help 2. to thank God 3. to say sorry to God Sometimes people pray for themselves and sometimes they pray for other people. At other times people pray on their own, or they can pray in large groups in special, purpose built buildings. These have different names; some are called temples, or mosques, synagogues or churches. They are some of the most amazing buildings in the world because the people who built them believed that if you are going to worship God properly, then you need a place that helps you do to this. PRAYER UNIT 3

4 This is a picture of Mass in Sagrada Familia Church in Barcelona. But Christians don t just pray together in churches. Sometimes churches aren t big enough so they use a field, a football stadium or a park. This was Pope Francis using Madison Square Gardens where they usually have the US Open Tennis Championship or rock concerts. PRAYER UNIT 4

5 And here he is again using the beach in Rio Some estimates say that there were 3 million people at the Mass on the beach in Rio. RESEARCH Find out what you can about one of these famous Churches. St. Peter s Basilica in Rome Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris The Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem Sagrada Familia in Barcelona PRAYER UNIT 5

6 Praying Together One reason why people like to pray together is because of the atmosphere and because they get the feeling that they are part of something really big, really special and really important. When people pray together in the Catholic Church it is usually on a Sunday. Sunday is a special day for Catholics because it reminds them of Easter Sunday when Jesus rose from the dead to save us from our sins. So every Sunday Catholics go to Mass together to celebrate what is called the Eucharist. As you saw last year when Catholics come together to worship they believe that God is present In the people gathered together to worship In the Word of God In the priest celebrating the Mass And especially in the body and blood of Jesus in the form of bread and wine The Mass is really one big prayer made up of lots of different little prayers and different types of prayer. And it has all of the 3 reasons for prayer we mentioned earlier and it includes talking and listening to God. Mass is made up of different parts and different types of prayer. The Penitential Rite This is when the people reflect on the sins they have committed and the things they have done wrong and say SORRY to God The Liturgy of the Word In this part Catholics listen to God speaking to them through specially chosen readings from the Bible. At the end they ASK God for his help in special prayers called bidding prayers. PRAYER UNIT 6

7 The Liturgy of the Eucharist The word Eucharist means thanksgiving. During this part of the Mass Catholics THANK God for everything he has done for them especially sending his Son Jesus to save us. Christians also use churches for other types of group prayer. On Ash Wednesday they might go to the church to have ashes put on their foreheads as a sign that they are going to try to improve as people during Lent. On Good Friday they might take part in the Stations of the Cross when they look at 14 different images of Jesus and think about his death on the cross. When people get together to celebrate big occasions they can pray by singing. Pope John Paul II said on his visit to Scotland that singing was like praying double. Another way of praying together is to go on a pilgrimage. A pilgrimage is a journey to a place that has special religious importance. In Christianity there are lots of these places. People go on pilgrimages to Jerusalem - where Jesus worked, died and rose again; to Bethlehem where he was born; to Rome, the centre of the Catholic Church where the Pope is. They also go to places where they believe Mary has appeared. The most famous of these is Lourdes in the south of France where they take part in a spectacular night time procession using candles. PRAYER UNIT 7

8 Questions: 1. What 4 ways to Catholics think Jesus is present when they come together to celebrate Mass? 2. What are the three sections of the Mass called? 3. What type of prayer is said in each section? 4. What happens on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday? 5. What did Pope John Paul II say about prayer and singing? 6. When people go to pray at a place of special religious importance, what is it called? Discuss: What are the advantages of coming together in a big crowd to pray? How might it be better than praying alone? Why would singing hymns be a good way to pray? Think about different types of music for different occasions. PRAYER UNIT 8

9 Praying Alone But sometimes people just want to be alone with their thoughts when they pray. When they do this they can pray in lots of different ways. One of the most common ways to pray is using prayers we have learned. In the gospels the apostles ask Jesus how to pray and his answer is to teach them the Lord s Prayer The Our Father. Our Father, Who art in Heaven, hallowed be your name; Your Kingdom come, Your will be done on earth as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread; and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. This is a prayer that people are very familiar with but which is said so often that maybe we don t think about what it really means. Task: Try to work out with a partner and with the help of your teacher what some of the stranger words and phrases mean. e.g. who art in heaven hallowed be your name your will be done on earth as it is in heaven lead us not into temptation deliver us from evil PRAYER UNIT 9

10 Meditation Sometimes prayers like the Our Father don t say what we want to say and we just need to focus on something to help us pray. In the Catholic community people use all sorts of things to help them focus. A passage from the Gospels can be read and then the person can think about what it might mean for them. It might help them think about what God is asking them to do with their lives. Or a person can focus on a statue or a stained glass window of a saint or an event in Jesus life. This one shows the apostles receiving the Holy Spirit at Pentecost and might help someone think about what they should be doing as a member of the Church to spread God s message to the world. Or a person might simply light a candle and focus on that because candles are used at very important times to remind us of Jesus presence at important e.g. at Baptism and at Easter. PRAYER UNIT 10

11 Praying to Mary One of the unusual things about Catholics is that in addition to praying to God they also pray to Mary, the mother of Jesus. Not because they think she is on the same level as God but because they think she will talk to God for them. One of the ways they do this is by praying the rosary. The rosary is a prayer which involves repeating the Hail Mary over and over again. RESEARCH The rosary is grouped into collections of 5 mysteries. These are called The 5 Joyful Mysteries The 5 Sorrowful Mysteries The 5 Glorious Mysteries The 5 Mysteries of Light Choose one of these groups and find out the names of the five mysteries. You answer should say for example The 5 glorious mysteries are These are all about DISCUSS What is good about praying alone? What reasons would someone have for wanting pray alone instead of with a big group of people? PRAYER UNIT 11

12 Holy Thursday, Good Friday & Easter Sunday There are lots of special days in the Church s year when people go to church to celebrate special occasions. The three days that follow the story of the Passion, Death and Resurrection of Jesus are called Holy Thursday, Good Friday and Easter Sunday. They form what is known as the Triduum. Each of these three days has a different atmosphere and different types of prayer are used during the religious services known as liturgies. Day Mood Theme Symbol Holy Thursday Reflective Service Washing of feet Good Friday Sorrowful Sacrifice Kissing the Cross Easter Joyful Resurrection Easter Candle Holy Thursday On Holy Thursday we remember the Last Supper and the fact that Jesus gave himself in the Eucharist. Jesus self-giving was also demonstrated in the washing of the apostles feet. On Holy Thursday the priest washes the feet of members of the congregation, in this way reminding the people of Jesus self-giving and service to others. Pope Francis has made a point of choosing people to make an even bigger point. One year he washed the feet of young people in prison and another year he washed the feet of refugees. This day is also a special day for priests since it marks the beginning of the ordained priesthood, established by Jesus at the Last Supper. The Evening Mass of the Lord s Supper is a very reflective and also very joyful celebration. There is usually lots of music, the altar is well decorated and the bells are rung during the PRAYER UNIT 12

13 Gloria. However, after the Mass, the Blessed Sacrament is carried in procession to a side altar. Everything is taken off the altar and it is left bare. Discuss What do you think is the special significance of the priest washing the people s feet? Look at Jesus words at the Last Supper and answer the questions that follow. Then Jesus took a piece of bread, gave thanks to God and gave it to them saying: This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in memory of me. In the same way, he gave them the cup after supper, saying, This cup is God s new covenant sealed with my blood, which is poured out for you Luke 22: Can you remember which feast Jesus and the disciples were celebrating? 2. Jesus changed bread and wine into his Body and Blood at the Last Supper: why do you think he did this? 3. Why is Holy Thursday a special day for priests? 4. What happens at the end of Holy Thursday Mass? PRAYER UNIT 13

14 Good Friday Good Friday is the day Christians remember Jesus death on the cross. It is the most sorrowful day in the Church s year but at the same time people are thankful for Jesus sacrifice. One of the strange features of Good Friday is that Mass is not celebrated at all. Instead Catholics have a special afternoon service at 3 pm which is the time they believe Jesus was crucified. Two things stand out in the Good Friday service. One is that the whole story of Jesus arrest, trial and crucifixion is read out and it is the one time in the year when the people take a part in reading the Gospel. The other is when all the people come forward and kiss the feet of the figure of Jesus on the cross as a sign of worship, thanks and love. They do this because they believe that by dying Jesus saved us from our sins. RESEARCH In the gospels Jesus says: No greater love a man can have than he lay down his life for his friend Jesus laid down his life for us and since then many Christians have followed his example and died for their belief in Jesus. Find out what you can about these people who gave their lives for others and their Christian beliefs. St. Stephen the first martyr St. Peter and St. Paul Maximilian Kolbe Martin Luther King PRAYER UNIT 14

15 Easter Sunday The celebration of Easter is the most important celebration in the whole Christian year. This most important celebration of the Christian year should take place at night. Ideally it should start at midnight. The Easter Vigil has four parts. The Service of Light The lights of the church are turned off and a fire is prepared outside the church. The fire is blessed and the Easter Candle is lit from the new fire. The candle is carried into the dark church. It is a sign of Christ as the Light of the World who has overcome the darkness of sin and death. Small candles are lit from the Paschal Candle and the light spreads throughout the congregation. The Liturgy of the Word Just as when families gather together for special occasions, they remind each other of family stories so the Church that is the family of God recalls the great story of salvation. This story is to be found in the Old Testament and the New Testament. It is the custom for several people to read parts of the story. The Liturgy of Baptism If there are people who have been preparing to become members of the Christian community, they will come forward with their sponsors and are baptised. The people also renew their Baptismal promises as a sign that they share the new life of Jesus through his resurrection. Anyone who is becoming a Catholic is baptised at this point. PRAYER UNIT 15

16 The Liturgy of the Eucharist The service concludes with the celebration of the Eucharist. This is a very happy celebration of the Eucharist with the bread and wine as usual representing the body and blood of Jesus. TASK 1. At what time of the day should the Easter Vigil be held? 2. Why is it important for the church to be in darkness? 3. What is the candle a symbol of? 4. What story do the readings tell? 4. What does the congregation renew during the Liturgy of Baptism? 5. Why is it important to renew these promises? CREATIVE TASK Design a stained glass window with 4 sections. Each section should represent one of the four parts of the Easter Vigil The Service of Light The Liturgy of the Word The Liturgy of Baptism The Liturgy of the Eucharist You should try to use only symbols. No Words. PRAYER UNIT 16

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