The Direction of Intention

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2 The Direction of Intention My God, give me the grace to perform this action with you and through love for you. In advance, I offer to you all the good that I will do and accept all the difficulty I may meet therein. Our Lady of Good Counsel, Pray for us. St. Francis de Sales, Pray for us

3 September 14 - Calling the Council September 21 John XXIII Sacrosanctum Concilium - December 1963 The Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy Lumen Gentium - November 1964 The Dogmatic Constitution on the Church September 28 Paul VI GAUDIUM ET SPES December 1965 The Church in the Modern World Dei Verbum December 1965 The Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation October 5 Achieving the Goals of the Council

4 Gathering of bishops of the whole Christian Church The word derives from the Greek "the inhabited world Convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine (Dogma) and practice (Discipline).

5 Councils which primarily defined Doctrine (1) 1 Nicaea, 325 (2) 1 Constantinople, 381 (3) Ephesus, 431 (4) Chalcedon, 451 (5) 2 Constantinople, 553 (6) 3 Constantinople, 680 (7) 2 Nicaea, 787 Councils which primarily dealt with Discipline (8) 4 Constantinople, 869 (9) 1 Lateran, 1123 (10) 2 Lateran, 1139 (11) 3 Lateran, 1179 (12) 4 Lateran, 1215 (13) 1 Lyons, 1245 (14) 2 Lyons, 1274 (15) Vienne, 1311 (16) Constance, 1414 (17) Basel 1431, 1438 (18) 5 Lateran, 1512 (19) Trent, 1545; (20) 1 Vatican, 1869 (21) 2 Vatican, 1962

6 What was the Roman Catholic Church like in 1958?

7 The Council did not take place within a vacuum The Catholic Church in 1958 Very Good Health Rapid Growth Church attendance high Abundance of vocations Parish System Education System Spiritually Healthy widespread popular devotions Great Missionary Movement Africa and Asia Moving beyond European roots So why was their a NEED for a Council?

8 Conclave of 1958 Interim Pope 25 January months after election!!! Aggiornamento bringing up to date A New Pentecost Let in the fresh air

9 The Council of Trent 1545 Not a Dogmatic Council Counter Reformation Standardized the Catholic Church (Reaction) Vatican I 1869 Defined Papal Infallibility (Reaction) Reform Movements Late 19 th and early 20 th centuries Liturgy Social Justice and Scripture

10 Liturgical Reforms prior to Vatican II The Psalter The Liturgy of the Hours 1911 Pius X revised the Psalter The Sunday Liturgy regained precedence over the celebration of Feast Days of Saints Holy Week and Easter Vigil 1955, Pope Pius XII made substantial changes to the liturgies for Palm Sunday, the Easter Triduum and the Vigil of Pentecost.

11 Liturgical Reforms prior to Vatican II Holy Week and Easter Vigil Holy Thursday Evening Foot Washing Good Friday Evening Reception of Holy Communion Easter Vigil Evening Holy Fire Renewal of Baptismal Promises in Vernacular Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist - RCIA

12 Liturgical Reforms prior to Vatican II 1962 Pope John XXIII added some new feasts and made some other changes to the liturgical calendar, as well as amending some of the rubrics. In his 1962 edition of the Missal, he also deleted the word "perfidis" (Latin: "faithless") from the Good Friday prayer for the Jews Added the name of St. Joseph to the Canon of the Mass.

13 Returned Sunday Liturgy to place of Prominence Reached back to ancient Tradition prior to Trent Prominence of Baptism at Easter Vigil The use of the Vernacular for some parts of the Liturgy Movement to go back to what the Liturgy was prior to Middle Ages A memorial meal

14 Catholic Social Teaching 1891, Pope Leo XIII issued his seminal encyclical Rerum Novarum, subtitled "On Capital and Labor". Church's response to the social instability and labor conflict that had arisen in the wake of industrialization Church must speak out on social issues condemnation of unrestricted capitalism. recognized that the poor have a special status in consideration of social issues: the modern Catholic principle of the "preferential option for the poor

15 Catholic Social Teaching Quadragesimo Anno (1931) defense of private property rights and collective bargaining Mater et Magistra (1961) the relations between rich and poor nations Pacem in Terris (1963) The first encyclical addressed to both Catholics and non- Catholics. denunciation of the nuclear arms Gaudium et Spes (1965) relationship of social concerns and Christian action Dignitatis Humanae (1965) Speaks about importance of Human freedom and

16 The Church has a duty and obligation to speak to the Modern World on matters concerning welfare of humanity Evangelization Church as Teacher Option for the Poor Christian Unity Gave a new impetus to Christians and their role in modern society

17 1943 Pope Pius XII encyclical Divino Afflante Spiritu: Inspired by the Divine Spirit It inaugurated the modern period of Roman Catholic Bible studies by permitting the use of modern methods of biblical criticism advances had been made in archeology and historical research, making it advisable to further define the study of the Bible. Study of Bible recommended to all Christians

18 Preparations for the Council took more than two years 10 commissions composed mostly of members of the Roman Curia 987 proposed constitutions and decrees (known as schemata) 2,908 men referred to as Council Fathers were entitled to seats at the council. included all bishops, superiors of male religious orders. 2,540 took part in the opening session attendance varied in later sessions from 2,100 to over 2,300. periti (Latin for "experts") were available for theological consultation a group that turned out to have a major influence as the council went forward. 23 were women.

19 Met between October 11, 1962 and December 8, 1965 Four separate sessions: all in St. Peter's Basilica. It was called by John XXIII, finished by Paul VI Council had observers from other religions and non-catholic Christian denominations Electric lights, telephones, and other modern amenities. No housing provisions were made for bishops they were on their own Received extensive media coverage