10/31/2014. Nov. 5 Dec. 10, 2013 Kino Institute Rev. Paul Sullivan

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1 Nov. 5 Dec. 10, 2013 Kino Institute Rev. Paul Sullivan Building upon an introductory understanding of Catholic doctrine and practice, this class aims to further catechize and deepen student s understanding of Church s beliefs in the areas of the liturgy and the sacraments, primarily using the Sacred Scripture, Catechism of the Catholic Church and the Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium. Understand the Trinitarian dimensions of Catholic liturgy with respect to the economy of salvation. Articulate the role of the sacraments in the context of salvation history with respect to Jesus Christ Express the role of conversion and faith in the individual s participation in the sacraments Understand the role of matter/form, effects, recipient, minister, and institution of the seven sacraments. 1

2 The Bible Catechism of the Catholic Church Sacrosanctum Concilium Additional reading material may be distributed in class. On time class attendance In class participation: engaging the material! Completing weekly reading assignments. End of class writing assignment. Expect to stay until class ends be mentally prepared! 1. The Celebration of the Christian Mystery 2. The Sacraments of Initiation 3. The Holy Eucharist/Liturgy of the Eucharist 4. The Sacraments of Healing 5. The Sacraments at the Service of Communion 2

3 The Celebration of the Christian Mystery (CCC ) "The wonderful works of God among the people of the Old Testament were but a prelude to the work of Christ the Lord in redeeming mankind and giving perfect glory to God. He accomplished this work principally by the Paschal mystery of his blessed Passion, Resurrection from the dead, and glorious Ascension, whereby 'dying he destroyed our death, rising he restored our life.' For it was from the side of Christ as he slept the sleep of death upon the cross that there came forth 'the wondrous sacrament of the whole Church." St. Augustine (CCC1067) Since the Church is in Christ like a sacrament or as a sign and instrument both of a very closely knit union with God and of the unity of the whole human race, it desires now to unfold more fully to the faithful of the Church and to the whole world its own inner nature and universal mission. (Vat. II, LG, 1) 3

4 Divinely sent to the nations of the world to be unto them a universal sacrament of salvation, the Church, driven by the inner necessity of her own catholicity, and obeying the mandate of her Founder (cf. Mark 16:16), strives ever to proclaim the Gospel to all men. (Vat. II AG, 1) Original meaning a public work Christian meaning - the work of God Liturgy includes: - Divine worship - Proclamation of the Gospel - Active Charity What precedes liturgy? Evangelization Faith Conversion What flows from it? Fruits in the lives of the faithful Involvement in the mission of the Church Service to her unity 4

5 10/31/2014 Theology: refers to the mystery of God s inmost life in the Blessed Trinity Economy: all the works by which God reveals himself and communicates his life Theologia revealed through oikonomia Theologia illumines oikonomia (CCC 236) CCC 234: The mystery of the Holy Trinity is the central mystery of Christian faith and life. It is the mystery of God in himself. It is therefore the source of all the other mysteries of faith, the light that enlightens them. 5

6 The liturgy is also a participation in Christ's own prayer addressed to the Father in the Holy Spirit. In the liturgy, all Christian prayer finds its source and goal. Through the liturgy the inner man is rooted and grounded in the great love with which [the Father] loved us in his beloved Son. It is the same "marvelous work of God" that is lived and internalized by all prayer, at all times in the Spirit (CCC 1073) To unite all things in heaven and on earth in Christ (Eph 1:9-10) Recapitulation: gathering up all of history and creation in Christ (CCC 668) The Mystery hidden for ages in God (Eph 3:7-13) the Father is acknowledged and adores as the source and the end of all the blessings of creation and salvation. In his Word who became incarnate, died, and rose for us, he fills us with his blessings. Through his Word, he pours into our hearts the Gift that contains all gifts, the Holy Spirit. (CCC 1082). 6

7 Christ glorified at the right hand of the Father and pouring out the Holy spirit on his Body which is the Church, Christ now acts through the sacraments he instituted to communicate his grace. From the time of the Apostles Is present in the earthly liturgy Which participated in the heavenly liturgy CCC (1) In the person of his minister (2) Especially in the Eucharistic species (3) In the sacraments so that when anybody baptizes, it is really Christ himself who baptizes. (4) In his word since it is he himself who speaks when the holy Scriptures are read in the Church. (5) When the Church prays and sings, for he has promised 'where two or three are gathered teacher of the faith of the People of God and artisan of God s masterpieces, the sacraments of the New Covenant. The desire and work of the Spirit in the heart of the Church is that we may live from the life of the risen Christ. The Holy Spirit prepares the Church to encounter her Lord; he recalls and makes Christ manifest to the faith of the assembly makes the mystery of Christ present here and now. Finally the Holy Spirit of communion unites the Church to the life and mission of Christ. (CCC ) Anamnesis and Epiclesis 7

8 His Paschal mystery is a real event that occurred in our history, but it is unique: all other historical events happen once, and then they pass away, swallowed up in the past. The Paschal mystery of Christ, by contrast, cannot remain only in the past, because by his death he destroyed death, and all that Christ is - all that he did and suffered for all men - participates in the divine eternity, and so transcends all times while being made present in them all. The event of the Cross and Resurrection abides and draws everything toward life. (1085) Age of the Shadows Creation Fall Old Covenant Age of the Church Age of the Reality This refers to how Christ communicates/ dispenses the fruits of Christ s paschal mystery in the celebration of the Church s sacramental liturgy. CCC 1076 During the Age of the Church Through sacramental signs 8

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10 For it is the liturgy, especially the divine sacrifice of the Eucharist, that the work of our redemption is accomplished, and it is through the liturgy especially that the faithful are enabled to express in their lives and manifest to others the mystery of Christ and the real nature of the true Church. SC 7 the participation of the people of God in the work of God (opus Dei) CCC 1069b...Through the liturgy the inner man is rooted and grounded in the great love with which the Father loved us in His beloved Son. CCC 1070: 10

11 In the liturgy the sanctification of the man is signified by signs perceptible to the senses, and is effected in a way which corresponds with each of these signs; in the liturgy the whole public worship is performed by the Mystical Body of Jesus Christ, that is, by the Head and His members. CCC 1070 Worship/Glorification of God Sanctification of Men 11

12 The mystical body of Jesus Christ, head and members From this it follows that every liturgical celebration, because it is an action of Christ the priest and of His Body which is the Church, is a sacred action surpassing all others; no other action of the Church can equal its efficacy by the same title and to the same degree. (SC 7) Sacrosanctum Concilium, 11: the faithful are urged toward participation that is: Fully conscious (scienter) Active (actuoso) Fruitful (fructuoso) 12

13 first used by Pope Pius X in motu propio Tra le solicitudini Pope Pius XII in 1943 and 1947 wrote that true participation is baptismal union with Christ and His Mystical Body the Church Holy See (1958) wrote: participatio must be INTERIOR (union with Christ the High Priest) But particiaption becomes FULLER when joined to external actions instruction is required At times, this active participation was thought to mean merely more involvement through standing and kneeling, through responding to prayers and singing. Some thought it discouraged silence and adoration. But if we limit our active participation to externals only, we miss the heart of the Eucharist. On the other hand, when we put, not just our voices and actions but also our hearts and souls into the mystery of love found in the Mass, when our minds are attentive to Christ in the mystery of Calvary, we are like Mary and the beloved disciple at the foot of the Cross. (Olmsted homily 6/10/2012) 13

14 Liturgy as summit and source Culmen Fons CCC The Eucharistic Liturgy (Prayer/Offering of Christ to Father) The Sacraments (Encounters with Christ) Liturgy of the Hours (Prayer of the Body of Christ) The Rosary, Stations of the Cross and other endorsed devotions Private prayer We need a healthy mix none can be ignored and certainly none can replace the liturgy. Mystery (mysterion): the invisible reality Sacrament (sacramentum): the visible sign CCC 774 The Sacrament, generally speaking, has two external components: Matter (the physical dimension) Form (the verbal dimension) e.g., Baptism= triple immersion (matter) & spoken formula (form) 14

15 Liturgical catechesis aims to initiate people into the mystery of Christ (it is mystagogy ) by proceeding from the visible to the invisible, from the sign, to the thing signified, from the sacraments to the mysteries. Classic definition Efficacious signs of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us (CCC 1131) CCC Definition fuller sense reclaimed (CCC 1116) Powers that come forth from the Body of Christ (cf. Mark 5:25-34) Actions of the Holy Spirit at work in his Body, the Church The Masterworks of God in the New Covenant Signs and symbols (of the human world, of the covenant, taken up by Christ - sacramental) Words and actions (liturgy of the word) Singing and Music (a necessary and integral part) Holy Images 15

16 The Lord s Day Liturgical Year Liturgy of the Hours a house of prayer in which the Eucharist is celebrated and reserved, where the faithful assemble, and where is worshipped the presence of the Son of God our Savior, offered for us on the sacrificial altar for the help and consolation of the faithful this house ought to be of good taste and worthy Altar, tabernacle in a most worthy place with greatest honor, Chrism, Chair, Baptistry, Confessional and Threshold. How can we learn to think about the liturgy and the Sacraments with the mind of the Church? 16

17 1. Trinitarian 2. Christological 3. Ecclesiological 4. Fideological 5. Soteriological 6. Eschatological (From notes of Dr. Brant Pitre) All are related to Christ (Christology) Instituted by Christ Himself (1114, Trent) The Words and Deeds of Jesus (1115) Already Salvific Anticipate the Power of the Paschal Mystery Mysteries of Christ s Life: foundation of the power of the Sacraments Powers that flow from the Body of Christ Masterwork of God in the new and everlasting covenant All are related to the Church (Ecclesiology) Gradual Recognition by the Church (1117) The Sacraments are by the Church and for the Church (1118) Ministerial Priesthood of the Church (1120) Guarantees that it is really Christ who acts Apostolic Succession: tied to the Words and Actions of Christ Initiation to the Church: an Indelible Seal; cannot be repeated (1121) Positive Disposition for Grace Promise and Guarantee of Divine Protection Vocation to Divine Worship and Service of the Church 17

18 All are related to faith in God Prepared For By: The Word of God (Scripture) Faith (Belief) The Sacraments Presuppose Faith! (1123) Abuse of Sacraments: origins in confusion and ignorance Failure of Catechesis: lack of knowledge and faith They build up faith Lex Orandi, Lex Credendi (1124) Requires obedience of faith (1125) Immutable Character: cannot be changed They are related to Salvation (Soteriology). The Sacraments are Efficacious ( ) They confer the grace that they signify (1127) In them Christ himself works They work ex opere operato (1128) Not dependant on personal holiness of the minister Fruits are dependant on disposition of the recipient They are Necessary for Salvation (1129) Healing Transformation Participation in the Divine Nature (cf. CCC 460) All are all related to Eternal Life (Eschatology). The anticipate Eternal Life Act as a guarantee of the future inheritance St. Thomas Aquinas: the threefold meaning of the sacraments (1130) Commemorate Christ s Passion (Redemption) Demonstrate the Effects of Christ s Passion (Grace) Prefigure what the Passion Pledges (Future Glory) 18

19 "In the earthly liturgy we share in a foretaste of that heavenly liturgy which is celebrated in the Holy City of Jerusalem toward which we journey as pilgrims, where Christ is sitting at the right hand of God, Minister of the sanctuary and of the true tabernacle. With all the warriors of the heavenly army we sing a hymn of glory to the Lord; venerating the memory of the saints, we hope for some part and fellowship with them; we eagerly await the Savior, our Lord Jesus Christ, until he, our life, shall appear and we too will appear with him in glory." What was visible in our Savior has passed over into his mysteries St. Pope Leo the Great John 4: If you knew the gift of God! John 12: I will draw all men to myself! Do you know anyone who would benefit from experiencing the New Heavens and the New Earth? But do you know any Catholics who think Mass is boring or irrelevant? 19

20 The Sacraments of Initiation Review material from class #1 New material: Read CCC