AP World History Period 2 DBQ 2016

Transcription

1 AP World History Period 2 DBQ 2016 DBQ (Document-Based Question): Suggested reading and writing time: 55 minutes total- It is suggested that you spend 15 minutes reading the documents and 40 minutes writing your response. Day 1 Directions: Today in class, HAPPY the following 7 documents. Spend no more than 5 minutes on each document. Remember, you will need to do this (suggested time) within 15 minutes the day of the AP exam. Then, briefly compare your SOAPPSTones with at least 2 of your peers. You may then want to edit your SOAPPSTones and/or help a peer edit theirs. You can write right on the documents, beside the documents, or add sticky notes if you require more room. For the rest of the class period, finishing for homework if needed, go through each document and find any SPICE theme information (phrases, single words, etc.) you can find and label them S, P, I, C, or E directly above the word, or phrase. (*We will continue with Day 2 on Friday or Monday-no need to go any further than HAPPYing and SPICEing the documents right now.) Day 2 Directions: Question 1 is based on the accompanying documents. The documents have been edited for the purpose of this exercise. In your response you should do the following: Thesis: Present a thesis that makes a historically defensible claim and responds to all parts of the question. The thesis must consist of one or more sentences located in one place, either in the introduction or the conclusion. Argument Development: Develop and support a cohesive argument that recognizes and accounts for historical complexity by explicitly illustrating relationships among historical evidence such as contradiction, corroboration, and/or qualification. Use of the Documents: Utilize the content of at least six of the documents to support the stated thesis or a relevant argument. Sourcing the Documents: Explain the significance of the author s point of view, author s purpose, historical context, and/or audience for at least four documents. Contextualization: Situate the argument by explaining the broader historical events, developments, or processes immediately relevant to the question. Outside Evidence: Provide an example or additional piece of specific evidence beyond those found in the documents to support or qualify the argument. Synthesis: Extend the argument by explaining the connections between the argument and ONE of the following. A development in a different historical period, situation, era, or geographical area A course theme and/or approach to history that is not the focus of the essay (such as political, economic, social, cultural, or intellectual history) A different discipline or field of inquiry (such as economics, government and politics, art history, or anthropology) 1. Using the provided documents and your knowledge of history, analyze how belief systems either reinforced or challenged existing gender structures in various civilizations between 600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. Historical Background: One of the oldest religions in the world, Hinduism originated in India. By the 6th century B.C.E., Buddhism emerged in India and eventually split into Theravada and Mahayana branches. The Theravada branch was primarily practiced within India and nearby locations such as Sri Lanka.

2 However, Mahayana Buddhism traveled into to China and challenged the existing Confucian values. Similar to Hinduism, Judaism originated as an ancient tradition. During the Roman Empire, a new religion, Christianity, broke with the Jewish tradition. Document 1 Source: Ban Zhao ( C.E.), female Chinese Confucian writer, in Admonitions for Girls. Humility means yielding and acting respectful, putting others first and oneself last, never mentioning one s own good deeds or denying one s own faults, enduring insults and bearing with mistreatments, all with due trepidation. Industriousness means going to bed late, getting up early, never shirking work morning or night, never refusing to take on domestic work, and completing everything that needs to be done neatly and carefully. Continuing the sacrifices means serving one s husband-master with appropriate demeanor, keeping oneself clean and pure, never joking or laughing, and preparing wine and food to offer to the ancestors. There has never been a woman who had these traits and yet ruined her reputation or fell into disgrace. On the other hand, if a woman lacked these three traits, she will have no name to preserve and will not be able to avoid shame. Document 2 Source: Anonymous, Lawbook of Manu, 1 st century B.C.E. [Attributed to Manu, founder of the human race according to Indian/Hindu beliefs.] When women are honored, there the gods are pleased; but where they are not honored, no sacred rite yields rewards... In childhood a female must be subject to her father, in youth to her husband, when her lord is dead to her sons; a woman must never be independent. She must not seek to separate herself from her father, husband, or sons; by leaving them she would make both her own and her husband s families contemptible

3 Document 3 Source: Buddhist Tang Empress Whu Zhao (r C.E.) Document 4 Source: Christian Byzantine/Roman Mosaic in Basilica at San Vitale of Empress Theodora, 5th century C.E.

4 Document 5 Source: Sarah Shaver Hughes and Brady Hughes, Women in the Classical Era, 2005 in Worlds of History, 5th Ed. ed. Kevin Reilly (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin s), 2013.of History, 5th Ed. ed. Roman women did not publicly speak in the Forum (where men debated civic affairs), with the notable exception of Hortensia in 43 B.CE. She was the spokesperson for a demonstration of wealthy women who protested taxation without representation for civil wars they did not support. Elite women usually indirectly influenced political decisions through networks of politician s wives. During the civil wars of the first century B.C.E., wives of some tyrants even made temporary political decisions. On a wider scale, middle-class and elite women took advantage of the turmoil at the end of the Republic to acquire businesses Document 6

5 Source: Somma Sutta, an ancient Theravada Buddhist sutra dating back to the 7th Century B.C.E. Setting at Savatthi. Then, in the morning, the bhikkhuni Soma* dressed and, taking bowl and robe, entered Savatthi for alms. When she had walked for alms in Savatthi and had returned from her alms round, after her meal she went to the Blind Men's Grove for the day's abiding. Having plunged into the Blind Men's Grove, she sat down at the foot of a tree for the day's abiding. Then Mara the Evil One, desiring to arouse fear, trepidation, and terror in the bhikkhuni Soma, desiring to make her fall away from concentration, approached her and addressed her in verse: That state so hard to achieve Which is to be attained by the seers, Can't be attained by a woman With her two-fingered wisdom. Then it occurred to the bhikkhuni Soma: "Now who is this that recited the verse a human being or a non-human being?" Then it occurred to her: "This is Mara the Evil One, who has recited the verse desiring to arouse fear, trepidation, and terror in me, desiring to make me fall away from concentration." Then the bhikkhuni Soma, having understood, "This is Mara the Evil One," replied to him in verses: What does womanhood matter at all When the mind is concentrated well, When knowledge flows on steadily As one sees correctly into Dhamma. One to whom it might occur, 'I'm a woman' or 'I'm a man' Or 'I'm anything at all' Is fit for Mara to address. Then Mara the Evil One, realizing, "The bhikkhuni Soma knows me," sad and disappointed, disappeared right there. *The bhikkhuni Soma was a female disciple/nun of the Buddha Document 7 Source: Paul s letter to the Christian Church in Galatia (49 A.D.)

6 Understand, then, that those who have faith are children of Abraham.* Scripture foresaw that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, and announced the gospel in advance to Abraham: All nations will be blessed through you. So those who rely on faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith. Brothers and sisters, let me take an example from everyday life. Just as no one can set aside or add to a human covenant that has been duly established, so it is in this case. The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. Before the coming of this faith, we were held in custody under the law, locked up until the faith that was to come would be revealed. So the law was our guardian until Christ came that we might be justified by faith. Now that this faith has come, we are no longer under a guardian. So in Christ Jesus you are all children of God through faith, for all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. If you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham s seed, and heirs according to the promise. *Abraham is considered the father of Jewish nation.