1. subcontinent: South Asia is called a subcontinent because it is a large region supported by water from other land areas. (p.

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1 Name Period Chapter 5 Vocabulary: Ancient India and Persia DIRECTIONS: Use your glossary to write the definition on the line next to each vocabulary term. Then draw a picture or symbol in the box that will help you remember the definition.. 1. subcontinent: South Asia is called a subcontinent because it is a large region supported by water from other land areas. (p. 123) 2. monsoon season: The monsoon season in South Asia lasts from June through September. (p. 125) 3. subsistence farming: Many families from South Asia practice subsistence farming. They do not produce extra crops to sell. (p.125) 4. brahmin: In the Aryan culture, a brahmin held the highest position in society. (p. 131)

2 5. sudra: An Aryan sudra was ordered to farm the land and serve others. (p. 131) 6. reincarnation: Hindus believe in reincarnation, a process in which a person is reborn into a new life. (p. 138) 7. caste: In India every Hindu is a member of a caste. (p. 139) 8. meditation: Siddhartha spent several years fasting and practicing meditation. (p. 142) 9. enlightenment: Buddha believed that all people could achieve enlightenment. (p. 142)

3 Name Period Parent Signature Chapter 5 Study Guide: Ancient India and Persia LESSON 1: The Geography of South Asia 1. There are seven continents on our planet. India is located on the continent of. 2. The northern boundary of the Indian subcontinent consists of the and the. (p. 124) 3. Much of South Asia has a similar climate. The monsoon season lasts from June through September. Nearly all of the. (p. 125) 4. Many families on the Indo-Ganges Plain. Sometimes, they. This process is called subsistence farming. They do not. (p. 125) 5. In India, most people work as. (p. 127) LESSON 2: India and Persia 6. Harrapa and Mohenjo-Daro were located along the. (p. 129) 7. The Vedas, or, contain a collection of. (p. 130) 8. The development of by the Persians contributed to Indian civilization because it connected India with other lands in Central Asia. (p. 132) 9. Cyrus II and Darius I were leaders of the. (p. 132) 10. The Mauryan Empire changed Indian civilization because the government. (p. 133)

4 11. SHORT RESPONSE: Which empire do you think was the most important in Indian history: the Aryan, Persian, Mauryan, or the Gupta Empire? EXPLAIN your answer using specific details such as significant contributions/achievements. (3-4 sentences minimum); Use in-class notes on chart and extra summaries. LESSON 3: Hinduism 12. Hinduism is the main religion in and is thought to be influenced by the Aryans because. (p. 137) 13. The main beliefs of Hinduism include: Brahman ; People should respect ; Good and bad. (p. 138) 14. The belief in reincarnation affect Hindus daily lives because of, it makes them try to be good people in order to ensure a good rebirth on Earth. (p. 138) 15. In India, every Hindu is traditionally a member of a,. (p. 139) The highest caste was that of the priests and teachers, known as. (p.131) 16. Hindus in every caste have specific they are qualified to perform. People must within their castes. Hindus remain in their castes for. Many members of the highest castes are because of their respect for other living things. (p. 139) LESSON 4: Buddhism 17. Siddhartha Gautama, the man who came to be known as the, which means the, was the of Buddhism. (p. 141) 18. Buddha became enlightened while. (p. 142) 19. The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism include: (p. 143) is a part of life for ALL people. People suffer because they so many things in life. If people themselves from wanting things, they will not suffer. People can follow the to free themselves. 20. In order to find relief from suffering, the Eightfold Path recommends that people develop the following three qualities:,, and. (p. 143)

5

6

7

8 Aryan = A A A A Persian = P P P P Mauryan = M M M M Gupta = G G G G

9 Lesson 2: Extras

10 Lesson 2: Extras (cont.)

11

12

13 Lesson 3: Extras

14 Lesson 3: Extras (cont.)

15

16

17 Lesson 4: Extras

18 Lesson 4: Extras (cont.)

19 ANSWER KEY Chapter 5 Study Guide: Ancient India and Persia 1. There are seven continents on our planet. India is located on the continent of Asia. 2. The northern boundary of the Indian subcontinent consists of the Himalayan Mountains and the Hindu Kush. (p. 124) 3. Much of South Asia has a similar climate. The monsoon season lasts from June through September. Nearly all of the yearly precipitation, or rain and snowfall, falls during the monsoon season. (p. 125) 4. Many families on the Indo-Ganges Plain grow food just for themselves. Sometimes, they trade food with small groups of people in their villages. This process is called subsistence farming. They do not sell much of their crops. (p. 125) 5. In India, most people work as farmers, fishers, or as clothing manufacturers. (p. 127) 6. Harrapa and Mohenjo-Daro were located along the Indus River. (p. 129) 7. The Vedas, or Books of Knowledge, contain a collection of Aryan songs and stories. (p. 130) 8. The development of roads and trade by the Persians contributed to Indian civilization because it connected India with other lands in Central Asia. (p. 132) 9. Cyrus II and Darius I were leaders of the Persian Empire. (p. 132) 10. The Mauryan Empire changed Indian civilization because the government controlled many aspects of life, such as how artisans worked and how doctors treated their patients. (p. 133) 11. SHORT RESPONSE: The Empire was the most important in Indian history because (*see chart) 12. Hinduism is the main religion in India and is thought to be influenced by the Aryans because Hindus sing hymns dedicated to Aryan gods. Hindus sing hymns from the Rig Veda at ceremonies such as weddings and funerals (p. 137) 13. The main beliefs of Hinduism include: Brahman is the source and final destination of everything; People should respect nature and animals; Good and bad actions will one day affect us. (p. 138) 14. The belief in reincarnation affect Hindus daily lives because of karma, it makes them try to be good people in order to ensure a good rebirth on Earth. (p. 138) 15. In India, every Hindu is traditionally a member of a caste, a lifelong group into which he or she is born. (p. 139) The highest caste was that of the priests and teachers, known as brahmin. (p.131) 16. Hindus in every caste have specific jobs they are qualified to perform. People must marry within their castes. Hindus remain in their castes for life. Many members of the highest castes are vegetarians. (p. 139) 17. Siddhartha Gautama, the man who came to be known as Buddha, which means the Enlightened One, was the founder of Buddhism. (p. 141) 18. Buddha became enlightened while sitting under a tree and meditating. (p. 142) 19. The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism include: (p. 143) Suffering is a part of life for ALL people. People suffer because they want so many things in life. If people free themselves from wanting things, they will not suffer. People can follow the Eightfold Path to free themselves. 20. In order to find relief from suffering, the Eightfold Path recommends that people develop the following three qualities: meditation, morality, and wisdom. (p. 143)

20 SHORT RESPONSE: Which empire do you think was the most important in Indian history: The Aryan, Persian,Mauryan, or the Gupta Empire? EXPLAIN your answer using specific details such as significant contributions/achievements. (3-4 sentences minimum) The Empire was the most important in Indian history because

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