History Chapters 6, 7, 8,
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1 Group Three Chapters 6. Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic 7. New Questions and Ideas 8. Ashoka, the Emperor who gave up war 11. New Empires and Kingdoms Chapter 6 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic Q. State whether true or false: 1. Rajas who let the ashvamedha horse pass through their lands were invited to the sacrifice. This is true. 2. The charioteer sprinkled sacred water on the king. This is false. 3. Archaeologists have found palaces in the settlements of the janapadas. This is true. 4. Pots to store grain were made out of Painted Grey Ware. This is false 5. Many cities in mahajanapadas were fortified. This is true. 10x10learning.com Page 1
2 Q. Fill in the chart given below with the terms: Hunter gatherers, farmers, traders, crafts persons, herders. Farmers and herders Hunters and Gatherers The King of Janapada Traders Crafts persons 3. Who were the groups who could not participate in the assemblies of the ganas? Answer. The hunter gathers and those who performed various cleaning jobs could not participate in the assemblies of the ganas. 4. Why did the rajas of mahajanapadas build forts? Answer. Certain mahajanapadas became more prosperous. They were afraid of being attacked. The rajas wanted to declare their own wealth and strength to others. The money and manpower needed for building a fort showed others, the power of the raja. It also displayed the skills of the various artisans and builders in the janapad and provided them employment. 10x10learning.com Page 2
3 Chapter 7 New Questions and Ideas 1. Describe the ways in which the Buddha tried to spread his message to the people. Answer. The Buddha organised Sangha for his followers to stay together and learn his teachings. Rules of Sangha were written in Vinaya Patika separately for men and women. The life in sangha was simple and disciplined. The Buddha gave his sermons in Prakrit, which was the language of the poor and the ordinary people. Many bhikkus wrote about the teachings of Buddha. They travelled through the kingdom telling the people about the teachings. 2. Write whether true or false: 2.1 The Buddha encouraged animal sacrifices. This is false. 2.2 Sarnath is important because it was the place where the Buddha taught for the first time. This is true 2.3 The Buddha taught that karma has no effect on our lives. This is false. 2.4 The Buddha attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya. This is true 2.5 Upanishadic thinkers believed that the atman and brahman were ultimately one. This is true 3. What were the questions that Upanishadic thinkers wanted to answer? Answer. The thinkers of Upanishads tried to find answers to difficult questions such as about life after death. They wanted to know why sacrifices should be made. They believed there was something beyond death and atman. They believed that Atman and Brahman were one. 4. What were the main teachings of the Mahavira? Answer. He taught that to know the truth people had to leave their homes and lead a simple, pure and truthful life. They had to be honest and never steal or take away anything belonging to another person. They must 10x10learning.com Page 3
4 strictly follow the rules of ahimsa. Ahimsa means not hurting or killing any other living being. Chapter 8 Ashoka, the Emperor who gave up war 1. Make a list of the occupations of the people who lived within the Mauryan empire. 1.1 Learned brahmans 1.2 Clerks 1.3 Inscription writers 1.4 Makers of ornaments of gold, silver, and precious stones 1.5 Craftsmen 1.6 Potters 1.7 Horse keepers 1.8 Elephant keepers 1.9 Honey and wax collectors 1.10 Soldiers 1.11 Gatherers of forest goods 1.12 Hunters 1.13 Farmers 1.14 Herders 1.15 Traders 1.16 Spies for the king 1.17 Tax collectors 2. Complete the following sentences: 2.1 Officials collected tax and gifts from the area under the direct control of the ruler. 2.2 Royal princes often went to the provinces as Governors. 2.3 The Mauryan rulers tried to control roads and rivers which were important for transport. 2.4 People in forested regions provided the Mauryan officials with honey, wax, and other forest produce. 10x10learning.com Page 4
5 3. State whether true or false: 3.1 Ujjain was the gateway to the north-west. This is false. 3.2 Chandragupta s ideas were written down in the Arthashastra. This is false 3.3 Kalinga was the ancient name of Bengal. This is false 3.4 Most Ashokan inscriptions are in the Brahmi script. This is true. 5. What were the problems that Ashoka wanted to solve by introducing dhamma? Answer. Many problems existed in Ashoka s empire. People of many religions lived in his empire and they spoke different languages. There were conflicts between them. Animals were sacrificed by many. Slaves and servants were treated harshly. Ashoka wanted to solve these problems, so that all could live in peace. 5. What were the means adopted by Ashoka to spread the message of dhamma? Answer. Ashoka adopted simple means to take his message of dhamma to the largest number of people. He used the Prakrit language and Brahmi script to inscribe dhamma on stone slabs and pillars in the market places. Prakrit was the language of the people. He also appointed officials who had to read out these inscriptions to all. Chapter 11 New Empires and Kingdoms 10x10learning.com Page 5
6 1. State whether true or false: 1.1 Harishena composed a prashasti in praise of Gautamiputra Shri Satakarni. This is false. 1.2 The rulers of Aryavarta brought tribute for Samudragupta. This is false 1.3 There were twelve rulers in Dakshinapatha. This is true. 1.4 Taxila and Madurai were important centres under the control of the Gupta rulers. This is false. 1.5 Aihole was the capital of the Pallavas. This is false. 1.6 Local assemblies functioned for several centuries in south India. This is true. 2. Mention three authors who wrote about Harshavardhana. Answer. Harshavardhan s court poet named Banabhatta, Chinese pilgrim Xien Tsang, and Ravikirti, wrote about him. 3. What changes do you find in the army at this time? Answer. A few kings began keeping regular armies. These were made up of horses, elephants, chariots, and foot soldiers. Army generals did not receive any regular salary. They were given a few villages from where they collected the taxes. Smaller chief were called samanta. They collected the taxes and provided service of foot soldiers and horsemen. 4. What were the new administrative arrangements during this period? Answer. For administration there were two kinds of assemblies. In villages there were smaller assemblies to look after water for crops, roads, temples and agriculture. In towns the assemblies were called Nagaram. Both the assemblies were controlled by richer and bigger traders and landlords. These assemblies continued to function for centuries. 10x10learning.com Page 6
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