Mauryan Empire 321 B.C.E B.C.E.

Transcription

1 Mauryan Empire 321 B.C.E B.C.E.

2 Mauryan Empire NAME ROLL NO. NAME ROLL NO. PIYUSH ZINZALA 14SA162 AABHA PARIKH 14SA101 JEEGAR VARIYA 14SA134 KHUSHALI SACHANIA 14SA140 JAY PRAJAPATI 14SA133 FARAN HATHIDARA 14SA125 YASH BANKER 14SA149 JANKI SUVAGIYA 14SA132 DHAVAL KARKAR 14SA122 AMI PONKIA 14SA107 CHINTAN BAROT 14SA124 KESHA SHETH 14SA137 NISHIKESH TATHE 14SA RAJVI MANIYAR 14SA168

3 Government Structure First King Chandragupta (322 to 298 B.C.E.) Established a centralized state, uniting Northern India Had state regulated trade that prospered Second King Bindusara (296 to 273 B.C.E) Extended kingdom to the south Third King Ashoka (273 to 232 B.C.E.) Helped by a council of ministers who were the head of different ministries. Was concerned with the welfare of his people

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5 Mauryan Rule Strong government Like Qin, Han rulers, Chandragupta Maurya established centralized government to control empire, crush resistance Relied on brilliant adviser Kautilya, Brahmin, member of the priest caste Arthasastra Manual for statecraft, thought to be written by Kautilya Arthasastra called for strict state control Also called for use of spies, even assassination Empire divided Chandragupta divided empire into districts, appointed loyalists to rule them Organized bureaucracy ran government, spies monitored officials, gathered information, rooted out threats to state

6 The Mauryan Empire Megasthenes Greek ambassador visited Mauryan Empire during Chandragupta s reign Wrote about his observations Described land of prosperity Pataliputra Greatest city, Mauryan capital: magnificent palaces, temples, parks Government controlled economy Emperor owned land, rent money from farmers funded government

7 ASHOKA O O O O O O

8 KAUTILYA ( OR CHANAKYA )

9 Buddhism Jainism Hinduism

10 Trade/Economy Silver punch mark coin

11 Migration/Population

12 Writing System

13 Social Structure

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15 The Mauryan Empire were the first in India to transition from wood to stone in their architecture and art. Pillars Stupa

16 THE DHARMARAJIKA STUPA : This is the earliest of the remains here at Sarnath, built on Mauryan period attributed to the Emperor Ashoka the great. The Dharmarajika Stupa was expanded and enlarged several times upto 12th century AD. The structure was destroyed by repeated invasions and negligence. What is found today is the result of repeated effort of reconstruction.

17 THE CHAUKHANDI STUPA : Chaukhandi is the first monument encountered by the visitors as they enter Sarnath. It is a lofty mound of brick, a structure whose square edifice is surrounded by an octagonal tower. This structure is also said to be raised by Emperor Ashoka.

18 THE DHAMEKHA STUPA : King Ashoka also built the Dhamekha Stupa. The present size of the stupa is 31.3 metre high and 28.3 metre in diameter. The lower portion of the stupa is covered completely with beautifully carved stones. The design consists of a broad band of 'Swastika', carved in different geometrical patterns with a finely chiseled lotus garland, running over and below the Swastikas.

19 THE MULAGANDHA KUTI VIHAR: It is the modern temple erected by the Mahabodhi Society. It has excellent frescoes by Kosetsu Nosu who is famous Japanist painter.several Buddhist relics are also excavated here. On Buddha Purnima, the birth ceremony of Buddha, relics of Buddha are taken out in procession.the archaeological museum at Sarnath houses several Buddhist sculpture and relics,also a rich collection of Buddhist manuscript and writings.

20 The 'Great Stupa' at Sanchi is the oldest structure and was originally commissioned by the emperor ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE. Its nucleus was a hemispherical brick structure built over the relics of the Buddha. It was crowned by the chatra, a parasol-like structure symbolising high rank A pillar of finely polished sandstone was also erected. The old stupa was later covered when it was expanded. The bottom part of the pillar still stands.

21 The upper parts of the pillar are placed under a canopy nearby. The pillar has an Ashokan inscription (Schism Edict) and an inscription in the ornamental Sankha lipi from the Gupta period

22 General information Type - Stupa and surrounding buildings Architectural style - Buddhist architecture Construction started - 3rd century BCE Height m (54.0 ft) Dimensions Diameter m (120 ft)

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24 THE ASHOKA PILLER: The Ashoka pillar is extremely important because on top of the pillar there used to be a statue of four lions holding up a wheel, which is national sign of India now. The wheel stands for 'Dharma'. The pillar is broken now and the 'Lion capital of Ashoka' is in display at Sarnath museum, which consists of a canopy representing an inverted bell-shaped lotus flower, a short cylindrical abacus where alternate four 24-spoked Dharma wheels with four animals (an elephant, a bull, a horse, a lion in this order), and four lions facing the four cardinal directions.

25 The Iron Pillar located in Delhi, India, is a 7 m (23 ft) column in the Qutb complex, notable for the rustresistant composition of the metals used in its construction. The pillar weighs over 6,000 kg, and is thought to have originally been erected in what is now Udayagiri by one of the Gupta monarchs in approximately 402 CE, though the precise date and location are a matter of dispute. It was transported to its current location in 1233 CE.

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