Federalist Papers No. 26 by Alexander Hamilton. Vocabulary Study

Transcription

1 Vocabulary Study abeyance (uh BAY uns) Definition: suspension of action Synonyms: dormancy, latency, quiescence Derivatives: abeyant The judge held his sentence in abeyance until she could verify the documents that proved him guilty. ameliorate (uh MEE lee o rate) Definition: to make better, to relieve, to improve Synonyms: alleviate, mitigate Derivatives: ameliorated, ameliorating, ameliorable, ameliorant, ameliorative, ameliorator, amelioration To ameliorate the tension in the testing room, we played soft music. anarchist (AN ar kist) Definition: one who believes in the absence of government or law Synonyms: insurrectionist, mutineer Derivatives: anarchy, anarchically, anarchical, anarchic, anarchism, anarchistic In the absence of government, anarchy prevailed in the country. ardent (AR dunt) Definition: expressing strong feelings, impassioned, zealous Synonyms: fervent, fervid, passionate, perfervid Derivatives: ardently Our football team enjoys the support of its ardent fans who follow them to every game. chimera (kuh MEER uh) Definition: a fantasy; a horrible creature of the imagination Synonyms: fantasy, vision Derivatives: chimerical, chimeric, chimerically In the Greek legend, the body of the chimera monster consisted of a serpent, a goat, and a lion. countenance (KOUN tuh nuns) Definition: to condone or to give approval Synonyms: approve, sanction, endorse Derivatives: countenanced, countenancing, countenancer The committee cannot countenance the plan to impose a tax on that item. derivative (deh RIV uh tiv) Definition: something that comes from another thing Synonyms: connate, descendent, procured, subordinate Derivatives: derive, derivable, derivability, derivate, derivately, derivational, derivationist, derivatist The word abatement is a derivative of the word abate. discern (deh SURN) Definition: to differentiate between two or more things Synonyms: ascertain, divine, perceive Derivatives: discerner, discernible, discernable, discernibleness, discernibly, discernably, discerningly, discernment Because the twins look exactly alike, it is difficult to discern one from the other. engender (en JEN der) Definition: to cause, to produce, to create Synonyms: beget, develop, spawn Derivatives: engendered, engenderer, engenders, engendering This rumor may engender suspicion and mistrust among the board members. Copyright 2015 by Sharon Serrago, Inc Page 59

2 expedient (ik SPEE dee unt) Definition: appropriate for a purpose but not necessarily moral, right, or just. Synonyms: convenient, effective, opportune, pragmatic, suitable Derivatives: expediate, expedience, expediency, expediential, expedientist, expediently The student realized that it would be expedient for him to study diligently for the test. forbearance (fore BARE uns) Definition: patience, lenience Synonyms: temperance Derivatives: Grandpa always treated us kids with forbearance, no matter how annoying we were. impute (im PYOOT) Definition: to blame or to charge Synonyms: allege, attribute, cite, denounce, implicate, impute, slander Derivatives: imputability, imputable, imputableness, imputably, imputation, imputational, imputatively, imputativeness After hearing the testimony, the jury was willing to impute blame upon the defendant. inculcate (IN kul kate) Definition: to teach persistently and earnestly Synonyms: drill, impart, impress, instill, plant Derivatives: instill, infix, implant, ingrain The teacher put the problems on the board in order to inculcate her students. induce (in DOOS, in DYOOS) Definition: to bring on or to bring about; cause, effect, influence Synonyms: persuade, prevail Derivatives: induced, inducing, inducement, inducer The scientist tried to induce an effect in the experiment that would prove his point. invective (in VEK tiv) Definition: critical or abusive language; violent abuse Synonyms: vituperation, obloquy, scurrility, billingsgate Derivatives: invectively, invectives As we cut in front of the other car, the driver screamed invective out his window. prevalent (PREV uh lunt) Definition: generally or widely accepted, current, or practiced Synonyms: prevailing, victorious, dominant Derivatives: prevalence, prevalently In our district, the prevalent assumption is that students will go to college or trade school after graduation. propriety (pruh PRY eh tee) Definition: correct conduct Synonyms: decorum, etiquette, modesty, mores, protocol, rectitude, refinement Derivatives: proprieties Those who attend the club meetings should conduct themselves with propriety. rectify (REK tuh fie) Definition: to set right or to correct Synonyms: reform, revise, remedy, emend Derivatives: rectifiable, rectifier, rectified, rectifying I appreciate your apology, but how do you plan to rectify the situation you've caused? salutary (SAL yuh ter ee) Definition: promoting good health or beneficial effects Synonyms: salubrious, wholesome Derivatives: salutarily, salutariness A brisk stroll around the block after dinner is both pleasant and salutary. zeal (ZEEL) Definition: enthusiasm, fervor Synonyms: alacrity, devotion, gusto, keenness, mania, sincerity, vehemence, verve, zest Derivatives: zeals, zealless, zealot, zealotic, zealotism, zealotry His zeal for soccer led him to practice every single afternoon, far into the evening. Copyright 2015 by Sharon Serrago, Inc Page 60

3 Vocabulary Test 1 Directions: Match the vocabulary word to its definition. Practice 1 1. abeyance a. expressing strong feelings, impassioned, zealous 2. ameliorate b. something that comes from another thing 3. anarchist c. to make better, to relieve, to improve 4. ardent d. appropriate for a purpose but not necessarily moral 5. chimera e. a fantasy; a horrible creature of the imagination 6. countenance f. one who believes in the absence of government or law 7. derivative g. to differentiate between two or more things 8. discern h. to cause, to produce, to create 9. engender i. suspension of action 10. expedient j. to condone or to give approval Practice forbearance k. to blame or to charge 12. impute l. correct conduct 13. inculcate m. to bring on or to bring about; cause, effect 14. induce n. generally or widely accepted, current, or practiced 15. invective o. patience, lenience 16. prevalent p. enthusiasm, fervor 17. propriety q. critical or abusive language; violent abuse 18. rectify r. promoting good health or beneficial effects 19. salutary s. to set right or to correct 20. zeal t. to teach persistently and earnestly Copyright 2015 by Sharon Serrago, Inc Page 61

4 Vocabulary Test 2 Directions: Find the correct word from the box below to complete the sentences that follow. Practice 1 abeyance ameliorate anarchist ardent chimera countenance derivative discern engender expedient 1. An wants to destroy his government, but a good citizen wants to improve it. 2. To a strong friendship, you must first create trust if you want the friendship to grow. 3. I cannot condone your bad behavior, nor can I your actions. 4. The angry crowd was held in by the guards, suspending their hostile actions. 5. The widower was an supporter of the theatre, carrying on his late wife's passion for arts. 6. This measure may be useful now, but we cannot employ such unjust methods for long. 7. Surely your attempts to the conflict made it at least a little bit better. 8. To find out which plant is poisonous, I will have to which one contains the toxin. 9. The plot of his novel was a of someone else s story; it clearly wasn t his own idea. 10. Each night he was plagued by a nightmare, but the vanished with the dawn. Practice 2 forbearance impute inculcate induce invective prevalent propriety rectify salutary zeal 11. He was ashamed of his sudden burst of ; he had never used such abusive language before. 12. If you can be patient a little longer, your will be rewarded with the respect of others. 13. We were cautions to behave with at the affair since it required the best of etiquette. 14. After hearing the testimony, the jury was willing to blame upon the defendant. 15. The desire to learn more is in that family; it s widely accepted that all the members are super intelligent. 16. Her energy and excitement made her the perfect cheerleader; we all loved her obvious. 17. Drinking water is, beneficial for the health of the kidneys, brain, and other organs. 18. The teacher's job is to his students; he must be persistent in teaching difficult concepts. 19. My parents tried to a change in my behavior by increasing my allowance, but it didn't bring about the effect they had hoped. 20. If you can't the problem this way, find some other way to correct it. Copyright 2015 by Sharon Serrago, Inc Page 62

5 Answers Reading Test Voc. Test 1 Voc. Test 2 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A 1. i 2. c 3. f 4. a 5. e 6. j 7. b 8. g 9. h 10. d 11. o 12. k 13. t 14. m 15. q 16. n 17. l 18. s 19. r 20. p 1. anarchist 2. engender 3. countenance 4. abeyance 5. ardent 6. expedient 7. ameliorate 8. discern 9. derivative 10. chimera 11. invective 12. forbearance 13. propriety 14. impute 15. prevalent 16. zeal 17. salutary 18. inculcate 19. induce 20. rectify Copyright 2015 by Sharon Serrago, Inc Page 63