The Role of the Spiritual Scientist on the Object of Scientific Research: the Perspectives of Syed M. Naquib Al-Attas and Sayyed Hossein Nasr
|
|
- Ambrose McDowell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Role of the Spiritual Scientist on the Object of Scientific Research: the Perspectives of Syed M. Naquib Al-Attas and Sayyed Hossein Nasr Khalina Khalili Ph.D. Candidate Centre for Advanced Studies in Islam, Science and Civilization (CASIS)
2 In search of Truth من عر ف نفسه فقد عر ف ربه He who knows his own self, knows his Lord
3 Traditional Muslim Thinkers Nasr Al-Attas
4 According to Al-Attas, the test of true knowledge is in man himself, in that if, through an alternative interpretation of knowledge man knows himself and his ultimate destiny, and in thus knowing he achieves happiness, then that knowledge, in spite of its being imbued with certain elements that determine the characteristic form in which it is conceived and evaluated and interpreted in accordance with the purpose aligned to a particular worldview, is true knowledge; for such knowledge has fulfilled man s purpose for knowing. Al-Attas(1995), Prolegomena of Metaphysics, Islam: The Concept of Religion and the Foundation of Ethics and Morality. p.89
5 In the beginning, there was unity الست بربكم قالوا بلى شهدنا In the Qur an in Surah al-a raf (7:172) Allah Ta ala says: And when your Lord took out the offspring from the loins of the Children of Adam and made them bear witness about themselves, He said, Am I not your Lord? and they replied: Yes, we bear witness.
6 Nasr s Assessment of Modern Science (1994) The modern astronomy and physics of Galileo and Newton were based on an already secularized view of the cosmos, the reduction of nature to pure quantity, which could then be treated mathematically, and a complete separation between the knowing subject (scientist) and the object to be known based on Cartesian dualism.
7 Al-Qur an as the Source of Knowledge ` Our affirmation of Revelation as the source of knowledge of ultimate reality and truth pertaining both to created things as well as to their Creator provides us with the foundation for a metaphysical framework in which to elaborate our philosophy of science as an integrated system descriptive of that reality and truth in a ways which is not open to the methods of the secular philosophic rationalism and philosophic empiricism of modern philosophy and science. (Islam and the Philosophy of Science, Prolegomena, 118)
8 16th Malay manuscript written in Jāwī The means of obtaining knowledge for the creatures are three: first, the five senses; second, true report; and third, reason. [4] The five senses are hearing, sight, smell, taste, and touch; and by each of these five senses one is informed concerning that for which it is appointed. True report is of two kinds, one of the two is report that is successively transmitted (mutawātir), that is [5] report that is established upon the tongues of people of whom reason cannot conceive that they would purpose together on a lie. It is knowledge arrived at deliberately. And it induces necessary knowledge like the knowledge of departed kings of past times, and of distant countries. The second kind is the report of the Messenger of Allāh, may Allāh bless and give him peace, [6] confirmed by miracle (that is, the incapacitation); and this induces deductive knowledge (meaning knowledge requiring demonstration by proof) and the knowledge established by it resembles necessary knowledge in certainty and fixity. As for reason, it is a cause (that is, an instrument) of knowledge also; and that which it establishes by immediate perception (that is, by perception without allowing for the deliberation of thought to adduce proof for it) is necessary knowledge, [7] like the knowledge that the whole of something is greater than its part; and that which is establishes by deduction (that is, requiring demonstration by proof) is called acquired knowledge, like the knowledge that there is fire when one sees smoke. Now as for inspiration (meaning: giving information), it is not among the causes for the cognition of the soundness of something according to the People of Reality may Allāh aid them! The creeds of Imām al-nasafī translated from Jawi to English. Al-Attas, Muhammad Naquib al-attas(1988) The Oldest Known Malay Manuscript: The Aqā id of al-nasafī, Kuala Lumpur: University Malaya Press
9 The Soul of the Scientist The human soul is created yet it is immortal and conscious of itself. It is the locus of the intelligible and equipped with a faculty variously,(روح) called the spirit (قلب) heart,(نفس) soul/self.(عقل) intellect and The arrival of meaning in the soul (husul) The movement of the soul towards meaning (wusul) Faculties of the Soul Intellect Heart Self Spirit
10 The Legacy of Spiritual Scientists ī ā - Jurjani (disciple of Ibn Sīnā)
11 INTUITION The supreme task of the physicist is to arrive at those universal elementary laws from which the cosmos can be built up by pure deduction. There is no logical path to these laws, only intuition, resting on sympathetic understanding of experience, can reach them. - Einstein (1918) common form of inspiration, which many rationalists, secularists, empiricist thinkers and psychologists have defined as sensory observations and logical inferences that have long been brooded over by the mind, whose meaning becomes suddenly apprehended, or to latent sensory and emotional build-ups which are released all of a sudden in a burst of apprehension. Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib, Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam (Kuala Lumpur:ISTAC:1995), 116
12 The more training, discipline and development of their powers of reasoning and experiential capacities exists within them, in dealing with their specific problems, the higher the level of intuition that they profess.
13 Intuition or Illumination With reference to intuition at the higher levels of truth, intuition does not just come to anyone, but to one who has lived his life in the experience of religious truth by sincere, practical devotion to God, who has by means of intellectual attainment understood the nature of the oneness of God and what this oneness implies in an integrated metaphysical system, who has constantly meditated upon the nature of this reality, and who then, during deep contemplation and by God s will, is made to pass away from consciousness of his self and his subjective states and to enter into the higher selfhood, subsisting in God. When he returns to his human, subjective condition, he loses what he has found, but the knowledge of it remains with him. It is in the duration of subsistence in God, when he gains his higher selfhood, that the direct and immediate apprehension takes place. He has been given a glimpse of the nature of reality in that duration of coincidence with the Truth. In his case the cognitive content of his intuition of existence reveals to him the integrated system of reality as a whole. Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib, Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam (Kuala Lumpur:ISTAC:1995),
14 Symbol of Nature Nasr stresses the importance for the scientist to not only heed the voices of nature, but to reach down to the depth of each individual soul, in order to realize that nature holds secrets that will expose deeper knowledge to them. He represents the philosophia perennis approach which embraces the idea of the transcendental unity of all religions; thus the scientist and observer of nature is referred to as both the universal man (insān kāmil), as exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad, or the contemplative gnostic, a person of any religious and denominational background who nourishes his relationship with the Creator and perhaps, with nature with a capital N. Nasr, Man and Nature: The Spiritual Crisis of Modern Man (London: Mandala: 1968) Chapter 3.
15 Scientia Sacra Nasr states:.the lack of a metaphysical knowledge, of a scientia sacra which alone can determine the degrees of reality and of science. Only this knowledge can reveal the significance, symbolic and spiritual, of the ever more complex scientific theories and discoveries themselves which in the absence of this knowledge appear as sheer facts opaque an cut off from truths of a higher order. Nasr, Man and Nature: The Spiritual Crisis of Modern Man (London: Mandala: 1968)p. 31
16 Phythagorean universe The Pythagorean oath: By him that gave to our generation the Tetractys, which contains the fount and root of eternal nature.
17 Rediscovering tradition Nasr invites modern scientists to link themselves again with the scientific tradition of the ancients who possessed the sacred science. These sacred traditions if revived means the rediscovery of Greek wisdom, of Plato, Plotinus, and other Graeco-Alexandrian sages and writings such as Hermeticism Similarly, these sacred science was pursued and practiced by Al-Kindi, the peripatetic philosophers (al-mashi iyun), Ikhwan al-safa and others. Proponents of the sacred science believe in the vertical link that connects them to the Source of everything. Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (1989) Knowledge and the Sacred. New York: State University of New York Press, p.30
18 Al-Attas: Tawhid Method of Knowledge The representatives of Islamic thought theologians, philosophers, metaphysicians have all and individually applied various methods in their investigations without preponderating on any one particular method. They combined in their investigations, and at the same time in their persons, the empirical and the rational, the deductive and the inductive methods and affirmed no dichotomy between the subjective and the objective, so that they all affected what I would call the tawhid method of knowledge. - Al-Attas (1995)
19 Conclusion Both Al-Attas and Nasr subscribes to tradition by highlighting the doctrines and practices of the Medieval Muslims. Their philosophy of science is entrenched in the metaphysics of Islam. Seyyed Hossein Nasr believes in the amalgamation of the metaphysics of both Eastern and Western traditions simultaneously, largely as an attempt to resurrect the lost tradition of the West. While modern science focuses on the empirical aspects of the object of research and the sensory perceptiveness of the observer, science that is grounded in the metaphysics of Islam, is supported by more varied sources of knowledge including the Qur an and the Prophet s narration, reasoning and intuition. Relying on such knowledge in an integrated manner, establishes a unity of knowledge that leads to the path of knowing (ma rifah) the Absolute. A new breed of spiritual scientists is vital in contributing the Tawhid worldview of science as a viable option for the scientific world.
Book Reviews. Rahim Acar, Marmara University
[Expositions 1.2 (2007) 223 240] Expositions (print) ISSN 1747-5368 doi:10.1558/expo.v1i2.223 Expositions (online) ISSN 1747-5376 Book Reviews Seyyed Hossein Nasr. Islamic Philosophy From its Origin to
More informationSophia Perennis. by Frithjof Schuon
Sophia Perennis by Frithjof Schuon Source: Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 13, Nos. 3 & 4. (Summer-Autumn, 1979). World Wisdom, Inc. www.studiesincomparativereligion.com PHILOSOPHIA PERENNIS is generally
More informationIntro to Philosophy. Review for Exam 2
Intro to Philosophy Review for Exam 2 Epistemology Theory of Knowledge What is knowledge? What is the structure of knowledge? What particular things can I know? What particular things do I know? Do I know
More informationBIBLICAL INTEGRATION IN SCIENCE AND MATH. September 29m 2016
BIBLICAL INTEGRATION IN SCIENCE AND MATH September 29m 2016 REFLECTIONS OF GOD IN SCIENCE God s wisdom is displayed in the marvelously contrived design of the universe and its parts. God s omnipotence
More informationSounds of Love. Intuition and Reason
Sounds of Love Intuition and Reason Let me talk to you today about intuition and awareness. These two terms are being used so extensively by people around the world. I think it would be a good idea to
More informationSounds of Love Series. Mysticism and Reason
Sounds of Love Series Mysticism and Reason I am going to talk about mysticism and reason. Sometimes people talk about intuition and reason, about the irrational and the rational, but to put a juxtaposition
More informationFunctions of the Mind and Soul
Sounds of Love Series Functions of the Mind and Soul Now, let us consider: What is a mental process? How does the human mind function? The human mind performs three functions. The lower part of the mind
More information* Muhammad Naguib s family name appears with different dictation on the cover of his books: Al-Attas.
ALATAS, Syed Farid Syed Farid Alatas (June 1961-) is a contemporary Malaysian sociologist and associate professor of sociology at the National University of Singapore. He is the son of Syed Hussein Alatas
More informationRobert Kiely Office Hours: Tuesday 1-3, Wednesday 1-3, and by appointment
A History of Philosophy: Nature, Certainty, and the Self Fall, 2018 Robert Kiely oldstuff@imsa.edu Office Hours: Tuesday 1-3, Wednesday 1-3, and by appointment Description How do we know what we know?
More informationAVICENNA S METAPHYSICS AS THE ACT OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN GOD AND HUMAN BEINGS
BEATA SZMAGAŁA AVICENNA S METAPHYSICS AS THE ACT OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN GOD AND HUMAN BEINGS The questions concerning existence, it s possible to say, are as old as philosophy itself. Precisely : Is
More informationA Wesleyan Approach to Knowledge
Olivet Nazarene University Digital Commons @ Olivet Faculty Scholarship - Theology Theology 9-24-2012 A Wesleyan Approach to Knowledge Kevin Twain Lowery Olivet Nazarene University, klowery@olivet.edu
More informationA Brief History of Thinking about Thinking Thomas Lombardo
A Brief History of Thinking about Thinking Thomas Lombardo "Education is nothing more nor less than learning to think." Peter Facione In this article I review the historical evolution of principles and
More informationPlato s Concept of Soul
Plato s Concept of Soul A Transcendental Thesis of Mind 1 Nature of Soul Subject of knowledge/ cognitive activity Principle of Movement Greek Philosophy defines soul as vital force Intelligence, subject
More informationCRITICAL REVIEW OF AVICENNA S THEORY OF PROPHECY
29 Al-Hikmat Volume 30 (2010) p.p. 29-36 CRITICAL REVIEW OF AVICENNA S THEORY OF PROPHECY Gulnaz Shaheen Lecturer in Philosophy Govt. College for Women, Gulberg, Lahore, Pakistan. Abstract. Avicenna played
More informationRobert Kiely Office Hours: Monday 4:15 6:00; Wednesday 1-3; Thursday 2-3
A History of Philosophy: Nature, Certainty, and the Self Fall, 2014 Robert Kiely oldstuff@imsa.edu Office Hours: Monday 4:15 6:00; Wednesday 1-3; Thursday 2-3 Description How do we know what we know? Epistemology,
More information! Jumping ahead 2000 years:! Consider the theory of the self.! What am I? What certain knowledge do I have?! Key figure: René Descartes.
! Jumping ahead 2000 years:! Consider the theory of the self.! What am I? What certain knowledge do I have?! What is the relation between that knowledge and that given in the sciences?! Key figure: René
More informationThe British Empiricism
The British Empiricism Locke, Berkeley and Hume copyleft: nicolazuin.2018 nowxhere.wordpress.com The terrible heritage of Descartes: Skepticism, Empiricism, Rationalism The problem originates from the
More informationOne of the many common questions that are asked is If God does exist what reasons
1 of 10 2010-09-01 11:16 How Do We Know God is One? A Theological & Philosophical Perspective Hamza Andreas Tzortzis 6/7/2010 124 views One of the many common questions that are asked is If God does exist
More informationAN INTRODUCTION TO THE SPIRIT OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SPIRIT OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY Omar S. Alattas Alfred North Whitehead would tell us that religion is a system of truths that have an effect of transforming character when they are
More informationJohn Locke. British Empiricism
John Locke British Empiricism Locke Biographical Notes: Locke is credited as the founder of the British "Common Sense" movement, later known as empiricism - he was also the founder of the modern political
More informationRationalism. A. He, like others at the time, was obsessed with questions of truth and doubt
Rationalism I. Descartes (1596-1650) A. He, like others at the time, was obsessed with questions of truth and doubt 1. How could one be certain in the absence of religious guidance and trustworthy senses
More informationCOURSE GOALS: PROFESSOR: Chris Latiolais Philosophy Department Kalamazoo College Humphrey House #202 Telephone # Offices Hours:
PROFESSOR: Chris Latiolais Philosophy Department Kalamazoo College Humphrey House #202 Telephone # 337-7076 Offices Hours: 1) Mon. 11:30-1:30. 2) Tues. 11:30-12:30. 3) By Appointment. COURSE GOALS: As
More informationRevelation: God revealing himself to religious believers.
Revelation: God revealing himself to religious believers. Nature of God - What God s character is like. Atheist a person who believes that there is no god. Agnostic A person who believes that we cannot
More informationLecture 18: Rationalism
Lecture 18: Rationalism I. INTRODUCTION A. Introduction Descartes notion of innate ideas is consistent with rationalism Rationalism is a view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification.
More informationAspects of Western Philosophy Dr. Sreekumar Nellickappilly Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
Aspects of Western Philosophy Dr. Sreekumar Nellickappilly Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Module - 21 Lecture - 21 Kant Forms of sensibility Categories
More informationIntroduction to Deductive and Inductive Thinking 2017
Topic 1: READING AND INTERVENING by Ian Hawkins. Introductory i The Philosophy of Natural Science 1. CONCEPTS OF REALITY? 1.1 What? 1.2 How? 1.3 Why? 1.4 Understand various views. 4. Reality comprises
More informationWednesday, April 20, 16. Introduction to Philosophy
Introduction to Philosophy In your notebooks answer the following questions: 1. Why am I here? (in terms of being in this course) 2. Why am I here? (in terms of existence) 3. Explain what the unexamined
More informationTHE LOSS OF ADAB. 1.1 Today adab has a restricted meaning, namely belles-lettres (bel-le-tr) and professional and social etiquette.
THE LOSS OF ADAB 1. THE MEANING OF ADAB 1.1 Today adab has a restricted meaning, namely belles-lettres (bel-le-tr) and professional and social etiquette. 1.2 In its original and basic sense, adab means
More informationDescartes to Early Psychology. Phil 255
Descartes to Early Psychology Phil 255 Descartes World View Rationalism: the view that a priori considerations could lay the foundations for human knowledge. (i.e. Think hard enough and you will be lead
More informationEpistemology. Theory of Knowledge
Epistemology Theory of Knowledge Epistemological Questions What is knowledge? What is the structure of knowledge? What particular things can I know? What particular things do I know? Do I know x? What
More informationAl-Aqidah Al-Tahawiyyah [Sharh Al-Maydani] Introduction, Part Five. Course link:
Al-Aqidah Al-Tahawiyyah [Sharh Al-Maydani] Introduction, Part Five. 30-9-2013 Monday 7pm 9pm Course link: http://www.anymeeting.com/islamiccourses1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4_kuc1fkis The Text [Al-Matn]
More informationChapter 3. Classical Antiquity: Hellenistic ( BCE) & Roman (31 BCE CE) Worlds
Chapter 3 The Middle Ages and the Renaissance Classical Antiquity: Hellenistic (323-31 BCE) & Roman (31 BCE - 476 CE) Worlds After Alexander died (323 BCE) > Hellenistic period wars between Alexander s
More informationTask 1: Philosophical Questions. Question 1: To what extent do you shape your own destiny, and how much is down to fate?
How to philosophise? Question everything and assume nothing! Task 1: Philosophical Questions A key skill in Philosophy is having the ability to think. When answering these questions, please give yourself
More informationSounds of Love Series. Human Intellect and Intuition
Sounds of Love Series Human Intellect and Intuition Human intellect and intuition that is what I am going to talk to you about now. There are many faculties that human beings have. In trying to comprehend
More information24.01 Classics of Western Philosophy
1 Plan: Kant Lecture #2: How are pure mathematics and pure natural science possible? 1. Review: Problem of Metaphysics 2. Kantian Commitments 3. Pure Mathematics 4. Transcendental Idealism 5. Pure Natural
More informationAL-ATTAS PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AN EXTENDED OUTLINE
SPECIAL FEATURE ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE OF SYED MUHAMMAD NAQUIB AL-ATTAS AL-ATTAS PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AN EXTENDED OUTLINE cadi Setia cadi Setia is Research Fellow (History and Philosophy of Science),
More informationA HOLISTIC VIEW ON KNOWLEDGE AND VALUES
A HOLISTIC VIEW ON KNOWLEDGE AND VALUES CHANHYU LEE Emory University It seems somewhat obscure that there is a concrete connection between epistemology and ethics; a study of knowledge and a study of moral
More informationA Quick Review of the Scientific Method Transcript
Screen 1: Marketing Research is based on the Scientific Method. A quick review of the Scientific Method, therefore, is in order. Text based slide. Time Code: 0:00 A Quick Review of the Scientific Method
More informationAspects of Western Philosophy Dr. Sreekumar Nellickappilly Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
Aspects of Western Philosophy Dr. Sreekumar Nellickappilly Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Module - 20 Lecture - 20 Critical Philosophy: Kant s objectives
More informationDialogue and Cultural Consciousness, Yinchuan, China, November 19, 2005.
1 The Place of T ien-fang hsing-li in the Islamic Tradition 1 William C. Chittick Liu Chih s T ien-fang hsing-li was one of the most widely read books among Chinese Muslims during the 18 th and 19 th centuries,
More informationLecture 9. Knowledge and the House of Wisdom
Lecture 9 Knowledge and the House of Wisdom Review Aim of last four lectures To examine some of the mechanisms by which the regions of the Islamic empire came to be constituted as a culture region Looking
More informationPHI2391: Logical Empiricism I 8.0
1 2 3 4 5 PHI2391: Logical Empiricism I 8.0 Hume and Kant! Remember Hume s question:! Are we rationally justified in inferring causes from experimental observations?! Kant s answer: we can give a transcendental
More informationDevelopment of Soul Through Contemplation and Action Seen from the Viewpoint of lslamic Philosophers and Gnostics
3 Development of Soul Through Contemplation and Action Seen from the Viewpoint of lslamic Philosophers and Gnostics Dr. Hossein Ghaffari Associate professor, University of Tehran For a long time, philosophers
More informationCartesian Rationalism
Cartesian Rationalism René Descartes 1596-1650 Reason tells me to trust my senses Descartes had the disturbing experience of finding out that everything he learned at school was wrong! From 1604-1612 he
More informationCartesian Rationalism
Cartesian Rationalism René Descartes 1596-1650 Reason tells me to trust my senses Descartes had the disturbing experience of finding out that everything he learned at school was wrong! From 1604-1612 he
More informationIntroduction: Discussion:
Science Arena Publications International Journal of Philosophy and Social-Psychological Sciences Available online at www.sciarena.com 2016, Vol, 2 (4): 1-7 The Theory of Knowledge in Western and Eastern
More information~30rtor of Vbt'10.90pbp
ST. AUGUSTINE AND AL-GHAZALI ON 'FREE WILL': A COMPARATIVE STUDY ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF ~30rtor of Vbt'10.90pbp IN PHILOSOPHY BY SHAYAQA JAMAL Under the Supervision of
More informationEpistemology of Knowledge for Technical and Engineering Education
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 56 ( 2012 ) 108 116 International Conference on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (ICTLHE 2012) in conjunction
More informationKey Vocab and Concepts. Ethics, Epistemology, Aesthetics, logic, social and political, religious, metaphysics
Students will demonstrate Key Vocab and Concepts Resources Assessment COURSE GOALS Students will Use logic and the analytical process to increase one's world: personal life, politics, learning, arts Display
More informationFIL 4600/10/20: KANT S CRITIQUE AND CRITICAL METAPHYSICS
FIL 4600/10/20: KANT S CRITIQUE AND CRITICAL METAPHYSICS Autumn 2012, University of Oslo Thursdays, 14 16, Georg Morgenstiernes hus 219, Blindern Toni Kannisto t.t.kannisto@ifikk.uio.no SHORT PLAN 1 23/8:
More informationThe Unbearable Lightness of Theory of Knowledge:
The Unbearable Lightness of Theory of Knowledge: Desert Mountain High School s Summer Reading in five easy steps! STEP ONE: Read these five pages important background about basic TOK concepts: Knowing
More informationDevelopment of Thought. The word "philosophy" comes from the Ancient Greek philosophia, which
Development of Thought The word "philosophy" comes from the Ancient Greek philosophia, which literally means "love of wisdom". The pre-socratics were 6 th and 5 th century BCE Greek thinkers who introduced
More informationThe Middle Path: A Case for the Philosophical Theologian. Leo Strauss roots the vitality of Western civilization in the ongoing conflict between
Lee Anne Detzel PHI 8338 Revised: November 1, 2004 The Middle Path: A Case for the Philosophical Theologian Leo Strauss roots the vitality of Western civilization in the ongoing conflict between philosophy
More informationEXERCISES, QUESTIONS, AND ACTIVITIES My Answers
EXERCISES, QUESTIONS, AND ACTIVITIES My Answers Diagram and evaluate each of the following arguments. Arguments with Definitional Premises Altruism. Altruism is the practice of doing something solely because
More informationWorldviews Foundations - Unit 318
Worldviews Foundations - Unit 318 Week 4 Today s Most Common Worldviews and Why we think the way we do? Riverview Church Term 4, 2016 Page 1 of 7 C/ Eastern Pantheistic Monism Three factors brought this
More informationIntroduction to Philosophy
Introduction to Philosophy Descartes 2: The Cogito Jeremy Dunham Descartes Meditations A Recap of Meditation 1 First Person Narrative From Empiricism to Rationalism The Withholding Principle Local Doubt
More informationQué es la filosofía? What is philosophy? Philosophy
Philosophy PHILOSOPHY AS A WAY OF THINKING WHAT IS IT? WHO HAS IT? WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A WAY OF THINKING AND A DISCIPLINE? It is the propensity to seek out answers to the questions that we ask
More informationChapter 18 David Hume: Theory of Knowledge
Key Words Chapter 18 David Hume: Theory of Knowledge Empiricism, skepticism, personal identity, necessary connection, causal connection, induction, impressions, ideas. DAVID HUME (1711-76) is one of the
More informationIntroduction to Philosophy. Instructor: Jason Sheley
Introduction to Philosophy Instructor: Jason Sheley Classics and Depth Before we get going today, try out this question: What makes something a classic text? (whether it s a work of fiction, poetry, philosophy,
More informationLogic, Truth & Epistemology. Ross Arnold, Summer 2014 Lakeside institute of Theology
Logic, Truth & Epistemology Ross Arnold, Summer 2014 Lakeside institute of Theology Philosophical Theology 1 (TH5) Aug. 15 Intro to Philosophical Theology; Logic Aug. 22 Truth & Epistemology Aug. 29 Metaphysics
More informationMaking Biblical Decisions
Making Biblical Decisions Study Guide LESSON TEN THE EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVE: CHOOSING GOOD For videos, manuscripts, Lesson and 10: other The resources, Existential visit Perspective: Third Millennium
More informationEpistemology. Diogenes: Master Cynic. The Ancient Greek Skeptics 4/6/2011. But is it really possible to claim knowledge of anything?
Epistemology a branch of philosophy that investigates the origin, nature, methods, and limits of human knowledge (Dictionary.com v 1.1). Epistemology attempts to answer the question how do we know what
More informationGREAT PHILOSOPHERS: Thomas Reid ( ) Peter West 25/09/18
GREAT PHILOSOPHERS: Thomas Reid (1710-1796) Peter West 25/09/18 Some context Aristotle (384-322 BCE) Lucretius (c. 99-55 BCE) Thomas Reid (1710-1796 AD) 400 BCE 0 Much of (Western) scholastic philosophy
More informationTheories of the Self. Description:
Syracuse University Department of Religion REL 394/PHI 342: Theories of the Self Office hours: M: 9:30 am-10:30 am; Fr: 12:00 pm-1:00 & by appointment 512 Hall of Languages E-mail: aelsayed@sry.edu Fall
More informationRethinking Knowledge: The Heuristic View
http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319532363 Carlo Cellucci Rethinking Knowledge: The Heuristic View 1 Preface From its very beginning, philosophy has been viewed as aimed at knowledge and methods to
More information1/24/2012. Philosophers of the Middle Ages. Psychology 390 Psychology of Learning
Dark or Early Middle Ages Begin (475-1000) Philosophers of the Middle Ages Psychology 390 Psychology of Learning Steven E. Meier, Ph.D. Formerly called the Dark Ages. Today called the Early Middle Ages.
More informationKant & Transcendental Idealism
Kant & Transcendental Idealism HZT4U1 - Mr. Wittmann - Unit 3 - Lecture 4 Empiricists and rationalists alike are dupes of the same illusion. Both take partial notions for real parts. -Henri Bergson Enlightenment
More informationA FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGNING CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION AND ACTIVITIES FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING SUPPORTING ENHANCED ISLAMIC AWARENESS
A FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGNING CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION AND ACTIVITIES FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING SUPPORTING ENHANCED ISLAMIC AWARENESS Roselainy Abdul Rahman 1, Nor Azizi Mohammad 1, Sabariah Baharun 2, Norzakiah
More informationAP Euro Unit 5/C18 Assignment: A New World View
AP Euro Unit 5/C18 Assignment: A New World View Be a History M.O.N.S.T.E.R! Vocabulary Overview Annotation The impact of science on the modern world is immeasurable. If the Greeks had said it all two thousand
More informationArius and Arianism in Christianity: Grounds and consequences
Arius and Arianism in Christianity: Grounds and consequences Hossain Kalbasi Ashtari 1, Sara Ghezelbash 2 1. Professor of Philosophy, Allameh Tabatabaie University, Iran 2. Ph.D. Candidate, Philosophy
More informationIs Time Illusory?!1 Alexey Burov, FSP, Feb 1, 2019
Is Time Illusory? Alexey Burov, FSP, Feb 1, 2019!1 Is Time Illusory? Is the Universe Mathematical? Is God Omniscient? God in Time or Time in God? Does God intervene? Can God change His Mind? Can Man surprise
More informationI Don't Believe in God I Believe in Science
I Don't Believe in God I Believe in Science This seems to be a common world view that many people hold today. It is important that when we look at statements like this we spend a proper amount of time
More informationIDHEF Chapter 2 Why Should Anyone Believe Anything At All?
IDHEF Chapter 2 Why Should Anyone Believe Anything At All? -You might have heard someone say, It doesn t really matter what you believe, as long as you believe something. While many people think this is
More informationComparison between Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon s Scientific Method. Course. Date
1 Comparison between Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon s Scientific Method Course Date 2 Similarities and Differences between Descartes and Francis Bacon s Scientific method Introduction Science and Philosophy
More informationDR. LEONARD PEIKOFF. Lecture 3 THE METAPHYSICS OF TWO WORLDS: ITS RESULTS IN THIS WORLD
Founders of Western Philosophy: Thales to Hume a 12-lecture course by DR. LEONARD PEIKOFF Edited by LINDA REARDAN, A.M. Lecture 3 THE METAPHYSICS OF TWO WORLDS: ITS RESULTS IN THIS WORLD A Publication
More informationIntroduction to Philosophy
Introduction to Philosophy Philosophy 110W Fall 2014 Russell Marcus Class #3 - Illusion Descartes, from Meditations on First Philosophy Marcus, Introduction to Philosophy, Fall 2014 Slide 1 Business P
More informationIntroduction to Philosophy
Introduction to Philosophy As soon as Sophie had closed the gate behind her she opened the envelope. It contained only a slip of paper no bigger than envelope. It read: Who are you? Nothing else, only
More informationGeneral Philosophy. Dr Peter Millican,, Hertford College. Lecture 4: Two Cartesian Topics
General Philosophy Dr Peter Millican,, Hertford College Lecture 4: Two Cartesian Topics Scepticism, and the Mind 2 Last Time we looked at scepticism about INDUCTION. This Lecture will move on to SCEPTICISM
More informationPeter L.P. Simpson January, 2015
1 This translation of the Prologue of the Ordinatio of the Venerable Inceptor, William of Ockham, is partial and in progress. The prologue and the first distinction of book one of the Ordinatio fill volume
More informationCOMITÉ SUR LES AFFAIRES RELIGIEUSES A NEW APPROACH TO RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN SCHOOL: A CHOICE REGARDING TODAY S CHALLENGES
COMITÉ SUR LES AFFAIRES RELIGIEUSES A NEW APPROACH TO RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN SCHOOL: A CHOICE REGARDING TODAY S CHALLENGES BRIEF TO THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION, SALIENT AND COMPLEMENTARY POINTS JANUARY 2005
More informationAl-Ghazali and Epistemology
Al-Ghazali and Epistemology Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali (1058-1111 CE), known as Algazel in Europe Born in Tus in northeastern Persia, then part of the Seljuk empire Studied law and theology in Nishapur and Isfahan,
More informationPhenomenology: a historical perspective. The purpose of this session is to explain the historical context in which
1 Phenomenology: a historical perspective The purpose of this session is to explain the historical context in which phenomenology arises as a philosophy in the twentieth century. Etymology is the study
More informationPresented at Khazanah Megatrends Forum (KMF) 2013, Kuala Lumpur on September 30, 2013, by Prof. M. Kamal Hassan ISTAC, IIUM
Presented at Khazanah Megatrends Forum (KMF) 2013, Kuala Lumpur on September 30, 2013, by Prof. M. Kamal Hassan ISTAC, IIUM The philosophic approach that I am presenting is based on a particular worldview
More informationTHE MINOR IN RELIGIOUS STUDIES (RELI)
taught with two or more members of the faculty leading class discussions in their areas of specialization. As the alternative, one faculty member will serve as the primary instructor and coordinate the
More information- We might, now, wonder whether the resulting concept of justification is sufficiently strong. According to BonJour, apparent rational insight is
BonJour I PHIL410 BonJour s Moderate Rationalism - BonJour develops and defends a moderate form of Rationalism. - Rationalism, generally (as used here), is the view according to which the primary tool
More informationPart I: The Structure of Philosophy
Revised, 8/30/08 Part I: The Structure of Philosophy Philosophy as the love of wisdom The basic questions and branches of philosophy The branches of the branches and the many philosophical questions that
More informationInterview. with Ravi Ravindra. Can science help us know the nature of God through his creation?
Interview Buddhist monk meditating: Traditional Chinese painting with Ravi Ravindra Can science help us know the nature of God through his creation? So much depends on what one thinks or imagines God is.
More informationPractical Wisdom and Politics
Practical Wisdom and Politics In discussing Book I in subunit 1.6, you learned that the Ethics specifically addresses the close relationship between ethical inquiry and politics. At the outset, Aristotle
More informationMethods for Knowing Transphysical Truths and Its Obstacles in Transcendent Philosophy
Abstracts 9 Methods for Knowing Transphysical Truths and Its Obstacles in Transcendent Philosophy Ali Allahbedashti * In transcendent philosophy (al-hikmahal-mota aliyah) we encounter with some transphysical
More informationJohn Locke. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke An Essay Concerning Human Understanding From Rationalism to Empiricism Empiricism vs. Rationalism Empiricism: All knowledge ultimately rests upon sense experience. All justification (our reasons
More informationWHAT IS HUME S FORK? Certainty does not exist in science.
WHAT IS HUME S FORK? www.prshockley.org Certainty does not exist in science. I. Introduction: A. Hume divides all objects of human reason into two different kinds: Relation of Ideas & Matters of Fact.
More informationProgression of the Maharishi Science of Consciousness Points in Each Course
INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION OF CONSCIOUSNESS-BASED EDUCATION MAHARISHI UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT FACULTY DEVELOPMENT SEMINAR MAY 8, 2010 DOCUMENT 3. Progression of the Maharishi Science of Consciousness Points
More informationFrom the fact that I cannot think of God except as existing, it follows that existence is inseparable from God, and hence that he really exists.
FIFTH MEDITATION The essence of material things, and the existence of God considered a second time We have seen that Descartes carefully distinguishes questions about a thing s existence from questions
More informationHow Can Science Study History? Beth Haven Creation Conference May 13, 2017
How Can Science Study History? Beth Haven Creation Conference May 13, 2017 Limits of empirical knowledge Galaxies 22 Space: Log10 (cm) Solar System Sun Mountains Man One cm Bacteria Atom Molecules 20 18
More informationSummary of the Principles of Religion
Summary of the Principles of Religion Al-Mu taman ibn al- # Assāl, chs. 23 (excerpts), 25 6, Chapter 23 Our statement on the necessity of the Incarnation (al-ta annus) as well, and on the absurdity of
More informationThink by Simon Blackburn. Chapter 7b The World
Think by Simon Blackburn Chapter 7b The World Kant s metaphysics rested on identifying a kind of truth that Hume and other did not acknowledge. It is called A. synthetic a priori B. analytic a priori C.
More informationProlegomena To The Metaphysics Of Islam: An Exposition Of The Fundamental Elements Of The World View. By Syed Muhammad N. Al-Attas
Prolegomena To The Metaphysics Of Islam: An Exposition Of The Fundamental Elements Of The World View By Syed Muhammad N. Al-Attas Al- Attas on Islamization of Knowledge - Bibliography 2 Syed Muhammad Naquib
More informationMaster of Arts Course Descriptions
Bible and Theology Master of Arts Course Descriptions BTH511 Dynamics of Kingdom Ministry (3 Credits) This course gives students a personal and Kingdom-oriented theology of ministry, demonstrating God
More informationWisdom in Aristotle and Aquinas From Metaphysics to Mysticism Edmond Eh University of Saint Joseph, Macau
Volume 12, No 2, Fall 2017 ISSN 1932-1066 Wisdom in Aristotle and Aquinas From Metaphysics to Mysticism Edmond Eh University of Saint Joseph, Macau edmond_eh@usj.edu.mo Abstract: This essay contains an
More informationPersonality and Soul: A Theory of Selfhood
Personality and Soul: A Theory of Selfhood by George L. Park What is personality? What is soul? What is the relationship between the two? When Moses asked the Father what his name is, the Father answered,
More information