Intermediate World History B. Unit 7: Changing Empires, Changing Ideas. Lesson 1: Elizabethan England and. North American Initiatives Pg.

Transcription

1 Intermediate World History B Unit 7: Changing Empires, Changing Ideas Lesson 1: Elizabethan England and North American Initiatives Pg Lesson 2: England: Civil War and Empire Pg Lesson 4: The Enlightenment: An Age of Reason Pg Use this help packet as you work through Unit 7. In here you will find: Cornell notes from the chapter A Study Guide Links to videos to help you remember the concepts in this unit.

2 World History B Chapter 7: Elizabethan England and North American Initiatives Text pages Identify Elizabeth I and her accomplishments. Protestant queen of England Declared England a Protestant nation Restored Church of England as the nation s official church Much exploration done Identify Queen Mary and what she is known for. Describe English explorations in the 16 th century and the explorers who led them. Describe the causes and results of England s conflict with Spain. Identify Edmund Spenser and his accomplishments. Bloody Mary Queen before Elizabeth Revived laws against heresy Tried to outlaw new Protestant churches Drake: sailed to Panama, raided Spanish settlements, sailed around Cape of Good Hope, first captain to sail around the world Walter Raleigh: Queen gave him permission to establish colony in North America, Roanoke Island. Laid foundations for further English colonization of North America. Causes: Competing for territory. Religious divide. Queen Elizabeth sent money to support Dutch Protestants fighting for independence from Catholic Spain. Spanish Armada. Results: Defeat of Spanish Armada cleared the way for England to build its own overseas empire. Poet who wrote epic poem called The Faerie Queen. Goal was to write a poem that would be twelve books long. Died before he could finish. Identify William Shakespeare and his accomplishments. English playwright who wrote dozens of plays. Drew inspiration from Greek comedies and tragedies, Italian romances, and English history.

3 World History B Chapter 8: England: Civil War and Empire Text pages Define political revolution. Change in government. Explain reasons for the conflict between James I and Charles I and the English Parliament. Describe the major events of the Restoration. Recognize key goals, events, problems, and people in the settlement of the English colonies in North America. Identify on a map the areas/countries that make up Great Britain, England, and the United Kingdom. Both believed in divine right of kings. Parliament had power to raise taxes, if king needed money he had to ask Parliament to raise taxes. Religious differences. Charles II ascends throne. Theaters reopened. Elegant buildings rose in capital. Philosophers, architects, and scientists made great advances. Jamestown: First permanent English settlement in N. America began as a quest for gold. Virginia Company of London. Settlers resisted work of planting crops, building shelter, finding fresh water- hunger and disease killed most of the men. John Smith took charge and forced men to work. Planted first tobacco crop- cash crop. Plymouth: Pilgrims landed here in 1620 seeking religious freedom. Mayflower Compact. Brutally cold, hunger and disease killing settlers. Squanto helped settlers with hunting, fishing, building, planting crops. Massachusetts Bay Company: Representative government in which Puritan men elected governor and legislature. Maryland: Lord Baltimore founded it as a safe haven for Catholics. Dutch governor Stuyvesant hands over New Netherlands to England, change name to New York. Examine map on page 292.

4 World History B Chapter 9: The Scientific Revolution Text pages Define the Scientific Revolution. Period of time during the 1600s in which scholars made great progress in understanding the workings of nature. Identify Vesalius. 16 th century physician who published the first accurate and detailed pictures of human anatomy. Identify Copernicus. 16 th century astronomer who used mathematics to conclude that the Earth Revolves around the sun. Define heliocentric and geocentric. Recognize the work of Descartes and Bacon in developing reliable ways to acquire knowledge. Recognize Newton s achievements in science and mathematics and his impact on the field of scientific study. Trace the development of scientific thought during the Scientific Revolution. Sumarize Galileo s achievements and the obstacles he faced. Heliocentric: the idea that the sun is the center of the universe. Geocentric: theory that the Earth is the center of the universe Descartes: emphasized use of math. Developed Cartesian coordinate system. Bacon: believed scientists should only accept ideas that have been proven Through repeated observations and practical experiments. Theory of universal gravitation Invented calculus- used for calculating speed, direction, and positions of bodies Three laws of motion 1. Ancient scholars of Greece and Rome are proper authorities on questions about the physical world. 2. Questions and direct observations can prove that some of what the ancients said was false. 3. Only ideas that have been proved through repeated observations and experiments should be accepted. 4. Observation, experimentation, and mathematics, in combination, produce reliable results. 5. The universe follows certain laws, and through scientific method, humans can discover and understand those laws. Improved the telescope, thermometer, and compass Discovered four moons orbiting Jupiter Telescopic observations confirmed that Earth travels around the sun. Faced the Inquisition about the theory of Earth revolving around the sun. Backed down and signed a paper taking back his radical ideas.

5 World History B Chapter 10: The Enlightenment: An Age of Reason Text pages Define the Enlightenment Ideas of Scientific Revolution applied to the social world, age of reason. Identify John Locke. British philosopher Identify the major events and people of the Glorious Revolution and describe the consequences of the revolution. Believed that natural law governed the moral order of the universe- life, liberty, ownership of property Published Two Treatises of Government William set sail from Netherlands, welcomed by British people. King James fled the capital. With almost no bloodshed the will of Parliament prevailed. Parliament claimed right to have final say about who could become king of England. Identify Louis XIV. Sun King Believed in divine right of kings. Lived in excess, didn t involve himself in sufferings of the poor. Define philosophe and deist and describe their beliefs. Identify Voltaire, Montesquieu, Diderot, and Condorcet. Philosophe: political thinker in 18 th century France who believed that reason and knowledge could bring justice, equality, and freedom Deist: believed that God is the creator of the universe and its natural laws, but that God does not interfere with the laws of the universe or in people s affairs Voltaire: French philosopher and writer. Questioned the teachings of the Church. Poems made fun of the French government. Believed people should be free to use reason and make up their own minds about religion, politics, and philosophy. Montesquieu: French philosopher who lived in England. Wrote Spirit of Laws. Three kinds of government: monarchies, republics, and despotic governments. Opposed despotic governments. Best way to protect liberty is to divide government s power among three branches. Diderot: French philosopher who published organized collection of knowledge called the Encyclopédie. Included a diverse range of articles. Condorcet: Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind. Argued that men and women could achieve perfection if only they could free themselves of unreasonable rules created by monarchs and religious leaders. Identify Benjamin Franklin. Diplomat and statesman Invented Franklin stove Experimented with lightning and electricity Writing on political philosophy

6 Unit 7: Changing Empires, Changing Ideas Assessment Study Guide This guide will allow you to test your knowledge as you are studying for the Unit 7 Assessment. Quiz yourself or have someone else quiz you to test your knowledge before you take the test. If you can t answer a question, go back to your textbook or notes to look up the information Define political revolution. Define the Scientific Revolution. Explain that ideas of the Scientific Revolution were applied to the social world. Identify Elizabeth I and her accomplishments. Identify on a map the areas/countries that make up Great Britain, England, and the United Kingdom. Recognize key goals, events, problems, and people in the settlement of the English colonies in North America. Describe the major events of the Restoration. Identify significant individuals and events in the English Civil War. Explain reasons for the conflict between James I and Charles I and the English Parliament. Trace the development of scientific thought during the Scientific Revolution. Recognize the work of Descartes and Bacon in developing reliable ways to acquire knowledge. Recognize Newton's achievements in science and mathematics and his impact on the field of scientific study. Identify Copernicus.

7 Define heliocentric and geocentric. Identify Vesalius. Identify Benjamin Franklin. Define philosophe and deist and describe their beliefs. Identify Voltaire, Montesquieu, Diderot, and Condorcet. Identify the major events and people of the Glorious Revolution and describe the consequences of the revolution. Identify Louis XIV. Identify John Locke. Demonstrate mastery of important knowledge and skills in this unit. Describe significant individuals and achievements of the Elizabethan Age. Describe the reign of Louis XIV. Identify major people and events in English exploration. Describe the causes and results of England's conflict with Spain. Identify significant people and ideas of the Enlightenment. Identify Queen Mary and what she is known for. Identify major people of the Scientific Revolution and what they are known for. Recognize the goals and problems of the English colonies in North America. Describe English explorations in the sixteenth century and the explorers who led them. Identify Edmund Spenser and William Shakespeare and their accomplishments. Summarize Galileo's achievements and the obstacles he faced.

8 Unit 7: Changing Empires, Changing Ideas Articles: Biography of Elizabeth I: Salons of the Enlightenment (places to discuss enlightenment ideas): s01/paris_homework/enlightenment_salon.html Video Links: Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution: The Scientific Revolution: Intermediate World History B