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Gerald Bennett
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1 Study Island Copyright 2014 Edmentum - All rights reserved. Generation Date: 12/19/2014 Generated By: Cheryl Shelton Title: Grade 7 Blizzard Bag Soc Studies-Day 1 1. "So the barbarians under Xerxes began to draw nigh; and the Greeks under Leonidas, as they now went forth determined to die, advanced much further than on previous days, until they reached the more open portion of the pass. Hitherto they had held their station within the wall and from this had gone forth to fight at the point where the pass was the narrowest. Now they joined the battle beyond the defile and carried slaughter among the barbarians, who fell in heaps... No one heeded the dying. For the Greeks, reckless of their own safety and desperate, since they knew that as the mountain had been crossed their destruction was nigh at hand..." Herodotus, The Histories This primary source gives an account of the Persian Wars. The author, Herodotus, was biased in favor of the Spartans, who died to defend Greece from the invading Persians. What word gives the reader a clue that Herodotus had a bias? A. barbarians B. Greeks C. slaughter D. reckless 2. Saladin was commander of the Muslim Arab armies during the Third Crusade. He is famous for leading the Arabs to several victories against the European crusaders and recapturing most of the Middle East. Despite being his enemy, most Christian Europeans respected Saladin for his military skill and civilized nature. Some Europeans even said Saladin had chivalry, comparing his actions to those of a knight. Which description of Saladin is written from the point of view of the soldiers who fought against him? A. Saladin was a wise and worthy enemy. It is a shame that he was not on our side. B. Saladin was a poor commander, but he was lucky enough to win a few victories. C. Saladin was a terrible man. He killed innocent people and only cared about violence. D. Saladin was a great and noble leader who won battles for the true god Allah.

2 3. "If a ruler himself is upright, all will go well without orders. But if he himself is not upright, even though he gives orders they will not be obeyed... Lead the people by virtue and restrain them by the rules of decorum, and the people will have a sense of shame, and moreover will become good." Confucius Confucius was a Chinese philosopher. The quote used here relates to how Confucius felt about A. how a government should be run. B. the relationship between leaders and soldiers. C. how good citizens should behave. D. the relationship between parents and children. 4. Zeus Hera Poseidon Aphrodite ruler of all the gods goddess of marriage god of the sea goddess of love Athena? Which of the following belongs in the box with the question mark? A. goddess of wisdom B. goddess of music C. goddess of grain D. goddess of forests

5. Primary sources from the Neolithic period would mostly be made up of which of the following? A. autobiographies B. letters C. artifacts D. diary entries 6.

3 5. Primary sources from the Neolithic period would mostly be made up of which of the following? A. autobiographies B. letters C. artifacts D. diary entries 6. Archaeologists sometimes study cultures that left no writings or drawings. What would be easiest for archaeologists to learn about these cultures? A. what kind of stories they told each other B. what kind of government and religion they had C. what kind of foods and drinks they preferred D. what kind of tools and weapons they used 7. There are many theories about why Stonehenge was built. Some believe it was a temple for religious ceremonies. Others think it was an astronomical tool or calendar. What best explains why there are so many interpretations of Stonehenge's purpose? A. Few people believe Stonehenge was built in ancient times. B. Primary sources about Stonehenge disagree with each other. C. The people who built Stonehenge left no written records. D. Stonehenge was not discovered until the 19 th century.

4 8. Socrates Plato Aristotle used the Socratic method to teach people how to think by asking them questions accused of denying the gods, being a bad role model to younger people, and trying to overthrow the government sentenced to death by a jury was one of Socrates' students founded a school in Athens called the Academy which to train government leaders wrote the first book about politics and government called The Republic recorded Socrates' trial speeches was one of Plato's students wrote more than 200 books was the first person to classify plants and animals together that looked alike developed a reasoning strategy known as syllogism Which of the following is the best title for the chart above? A. Scientists of the Roman Empire B. Philosophers of Ancient Greece C. Formation of Medical Science D. Philosophies of the Ancient World 9. The Greek alphabet was the first alphabet to use both consonants and vowels. What alphabet system was the basis for the Greek alphabet? A. Latin alphabet B. Phoenician alphabet C. Roman alphabet D. English alphabet

5 10. The Russian Revolution took place in Prior to the revolution, Imperial Russia was run by an emperor, or czar. In 1917, Czar Nicholas II abdicated his throne due to the overwhelming protesting. Following the abdication of Czar Nicholas II, a provisional government was set up to rule the country. A socialist group known as the Bolsheviks opposed the provisional government, and their cause was strengthened when their leader Vladimir Lenin returned from exile in April of Heavily influenced by the teachings of socialist philosopher Karl Marx, Lenin and the Bolsheviks saw an opportunity and staged a coup in November of Called the October Revolution, the Bolsheviks attacked the provisional government and were successful in taking control of the country. Lenin became the new leader of Russia and quickly set up a radical communist government. Raj has to write a paper on the Russian Revolution. He has found two secondary sources to use. One of them is a biography on Vladimir Lenin, and the other is a biography on Karl Marx. Which of the following sources would likely give Raj a different viewpoint on the Russian Revolution? A. a biography on the family of Czar Nicholas II, the Romanovs B. a letter written by Czar Nicholas II to his brother about his abdication C. a letter written from Karl Marx to communist leader Vladimir Lenin D. a speech given to the Russian protestors on the eve of the revolution 11. The first known democracy came about in Greece about 500 BC when Cleisthenes overthrew Peisistratus. Which of these types of democratic institutions did the Greeks then live under for the next two centuries? A. illiberal democracy B. liberal democracy C. direct democracy D. representative democracy

6 12. was the first known Greek scientist believed all matter came from water believed the earth floated on water believed earthquakes were caused when from waves in the ocean formed mathematical theories that became the basis of theorems in geometry predicted a solar eclipse in 585 BC recognized the value of using the constellation Ursa Minor instead of Ursa Major to navigate Which of the following ancient Greek philosophers is described in the box above? A. Socrates B. Thales C. Plato D. Aristotle 13. The people of Ancient Greece lived in small, isolated communities that eventually grew in large city-states. Why were these communities isolated from one another? A. They wished to avoid diseases. B. They distrusted other people. C. They spoke different languages. D. Greece has a varied geography.

Chapter 11: Cultural Contributions 775 B.C.-338 B.C.

Chapter 11: Cultural Contributions 775 B.C.-338 B.C. Religious Practices Each city-state worshiped its own gods Oracles- Greek priests and priestesses who were believed to speak with the gods Greeks went