Enlightenment Scientific Rev.

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1 Frederick Douglass Academy Mr. Murphy 1. In Emile, Rousseau A) propagated his views on the Social Contract B) called for a natural education free of institutional encumbrances C) denounced the theories of Voltaire D) agreed with the notion of the English constitutional monarchy as model for a future French government E) furthered the case for atheism 2. In response to the Enlightenment Anglican minister John Wesley started a movement known as A) Methodism B) German pietism C) the Great Awakening D) Jansenism E) Hasidism 3. The philosophes shared the following characteristics EXCEPT most A) felt that this world was "the best of all possible worlds" B) most believed in Deism C) most accepted the philosophical tenets of John Locke D) most tried to further human progress through the principles of natural law E) most repudiated organized religion 4. The philosophy of Rene Descartes was significant because it A) attempted to reconcile religion with empirical science B) completely rejected Christian beliefs C) proved Deism D) amplified the role of God in the world E) established Cartesian duality as the basis for modern science 5. The Encyclopedia, encompassing the ideas of many philosophes in political and social critiques, was compiled by A) Voltaire B) Descartes C) Hume D) Diderot E) Rousseau A) The Social Contract B) Emile C) Spirit of the Laws D) Encyclopedia E) Wealth of Nations AP European History Enlightenment Scientific Rev. 6. Rousseau wrote "Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains" in 7. Voltaire compared God to a A) watchmaker B) poet C) baker D) banker E) politician 8. Which philosophe was imprisoned in the Bastille? A) Voltaire B) Rousseau C) Diderot D) Kant E) Descartes 9. During the Enlightenment, all of the following about philosophes were correct EXCEPT they were A) supporters of violence B) well educated C) visitors of salons, cafés, and discussion groups D) highly critical E) centered in France 10. The salon was a key place for discussion in the A) Enlightenment B) French Revolution C) Industrial Revolution D) Romantic Period E) Counter Reformation 11. Enlightenment thinkers believed in all of the following EXCEPT absolute A) truth B) ethics C) natural law D) rationality for man E) spirituality

2 12. John Locke classified knowledge as I. according to reason II. contrary to reason III. above reason IV. below reason A) I only B) I, II C) I, II, III D) II, III, IV E) I, II, III, IV 13. Who developed the idea of rational pantheism in which God was equated with nature? A) Baruch Spinoza B) Rene Descartes C) Jean Jacques Rousseau D) John Locke E) Immanuel Kant 14. "I think; therefore, I am" was a famous statement from which rationalist thinker? A) Rene Descartes B) Baruch Spinoza C) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz D) David Hume E) Sir Isaac Newton 15. Empiricists I. stressed deductive reasoning II. stressed inductive reasoning III. included John Locke IV. included Baruch Spinoza A) I only B) II only C) I, III D) II, III E) II, III, IV 16. Rationalists A) stressed deductive reasoning as the basis for their source of knowledge B) expressed their strong faith in God as the basis for their source of knowledge C) emphasized inductive reasoning as the basis for their source of knowledge D) formed a strong political entity in eighteenth century France E) were led by the ideas of John Locke 17. The religious convictions of Enlightenment thinkers most closely relates to A) Deism B) atheism C) Catholicism D) Protestantism E) Anabaptism 18. Eighteenth Century Enlightenment thinkers believed that "light" came from A) man's ability to reason B) God C) the Scriptures D) through the Church E) faith 19. Which eighteenth century thinker most clearly professed the idea of separation of powers? A) Voltaire B) Montesquieu C) Locke D) Rousseau E) Hobbes 20. John Locke believed that human knowledge was derived from A) environment and reason B) heredity and faith C) conscience and emotions D) divine inspiration and innate perception E) intuition and moral law 21. An eighteenth century French philosophe would A) fight for the absolute monarch B) challenge notions of progress and advancement C) would support religious tolerance D) advocate for the theories and beliefs advocated by Thomas Hobbes E) reject the heliocentric model of the universe 22. Which seventeenth century English author wrote Leviathan, a treatise on how to employ power in society? A) Ben Jonson B) John Locke C) Francis Beaumont D) Thomas Hobbes E) Andrew Marvell

3 23. "The law is the expression of the general will. All citizens have a right to concur either personally or by their representatives in its formation. The law should be the same for all, whether it protects or whether it punishes." The quotation above is a formulation of the ideas of A) Frederick the Great B) Jean Jacques Rousseau C) Adam Smith D) Condorcet E) Voltaire 24. The leading French physiocrats, or economic philosophes were A) Francois Quesnay and Pierre Dupont de Nemours B) Adam Smith and Cesare Beccaria C) Baron de Montesquieu and Francois Quesnay D) Jean Jacques Rousseau and Pierre Dupont de Nemours E) Adam Smith and Jean Jacques Rousseau 25. On Crimes and Punishments, a critical analysis of legal systems of justice was published by which Italian philosophe? A) Beccaria B) Rousseau C) Voltaire D) Quesnay E) Garibaldi 26. Enlightenment philosophes were mainly concerned with A) critical and inquiring approaches to knowledge B) the advancement of theological and metaphysical knowledge C) pure skepticism and the negation of reasoning D) mystical sciences like numerology and astrology E) the setting of limits on the human ability to change 27. Who began his treatise on the social contract with "Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains"? A) Jean Jacques Rousseau B) Edmund Burke C) John Locke D) Ferdinand de Lesseps E) Denis Diderot 28. Who popularized the phase "I think, therefore I am"? A) Descartes B) Bodin C) Voltaire D) Galileo E) Grotius 29. In the Two Treatises on Civil Government, Locke believed in the notion of revolution so long as the A) government has violated property rights B) government is not democratic C) Nobility cause religious discrimination D) the poor are oppressed E) the revolution was peaceful 30. Rousseau's and Locke's views differed on the"state of nature" by A) Rousseau's being one of economic equality B) Rousseau's being apolitical C) Rousseau's satisfaction satisfied with the status quo D) Rousseau placing a limited focus on the state of nature E) There was no difference between the two 31. Rousseau furthered his idea of the general will in A) The Social Contract B) The Declaration of the Rights of Man C) Two Treatises on Civil Government D) Emile E) the Encyclopedia

4 32. Voltaire called for the suppression of which group in his proclamation to "crush the infamous thing"? The A) church B) hedonists C) universities D) French monarchy E) press 33. Montesquieu opposed which philosophe's concept of Enlightened Despotism? A) Voltaire B) Diderot C) Condorcet D) d'holbach E) Helvetius 34. Thomas Hobbes' belief in enlightened despotism bears the most similarity to the political thought of A) Voltaire B) Quesnay C) Robespierre D) Montesquieu E) Rousseau 35. Which work by Montesquieu called on France to establish a government system similar to that of the British A) The Spirit of the Laws B) The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen C) Two Treatises on Civil Government D) The Republic E) The Social Contract 36. The primary subject of Denis Diderot's Encyclopedia was A) technology B) theology C) warfare D) poetry E) history 37. All of the following were Enlightenment thinkers EXCEPT A) Leopold von Ranke B) Edward Gibbon C) David Hume D) Adam Smith E) Benjamin Franklin 38. The ideals and values of which eighteenth century movement undermined the Age of Absolutism? A) Romanticism B) Baroque C) Enlightenment D) Mercantilism E) Imperialism 39. The embrace of enlightened despotism by monarchs in Austria and Russia arose out of which intellectual movement? A) Enlightenment B) Romantic C) Deist D) Renaissance E) Mercantilism 40. Isaac Newton demonstrated all of the following in 1687's Principa Mathematica EXCEPT A) God created the universe but does not intervene in it B) natural law explains how the universe is held together C) natural law governs the forces that allow for the prediction of natural movement D) gravity moves terrestrial objects E) gravity and centripetal and centrifugal forces account for the motion of heavenly bodies 41. According to Enlightenment thinkers, the universe was governed by A) God directly B) natural law C) magic D) monarchs who received their power from God E) the concept of social Darwinism 42. Sir Isaac Newton was best known for his work in A) astronomy B) physics C) chemistry D) geography E) medicine 43. Who wrote Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, which explained universal gravitation and was published in 1687? A) Isaac Newton B) Rene Descartes C) Francis Bacon D) David Hume E) Galileo Galilei

5 44. Which nation was last in founding a scientific society? A) Russia B) Prussia C) England D) France E) Italy 45. All of the following were key elements of sustained economic growth in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries EXCEPT the A) idea of innovation B) development of free enterprise C) free movement of populations D) labor force increasing E) strong use of monarchical leadership 46. All of the following were eighteenth century inventors EXCEPT A) Thomas Necomen B) James Watt C) John Kay D) Richard Arkwright E) Tyco Brahe 47. All of the following improvements in transportation were made in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries EXCEPT A) all-weather roads B) canal locks C) improved coastal shipping D) mass construction of canals and roads E) smoother roads 48. The Royal Society of London is most closely associated with A) the Scientific Revolution B) Charles II of England C) missionary work in Africa and Asia D) colonial finances in North America E) commercial shipping in the Far East 49. Deists believed all of the following EXCEPT: A) Absolute standards of good and evil do not exist. B) Divine predestination runs counter to the human dignity reason bestows upon the individual. C) God does not respond to individual petitions to intervene. D) Individuals have the ability to determine what is good and evil, and to decide between them. E) God should be viewed as the source of the laws of nature. 50. Scientific research in the seventeenth and eighteenth Centuries I. made great discoveries in physics, chemistry, and medicine II. received encouragement from governments and rulers III. was centered primarily in major universities IV. was believed to have the potential to greatly help mankind A) II only B) III only C) II, III D) I, II, III E) I, II, IV 51. The Scientific Revolution overturned the accepted ideas of A) Aristotle B) Vesalius C) Rousseau D) Euclid E) Voltaire 52. Improvements from the Agricultural Revolution of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries started in A) the Low Countries and Britain B) France and Spain C) Prussia and Saxony D) Poland E) Russia

6 53. Founded in 1662, the Royal Society of London was one of the first A) scientific societies B) colonialist societies C) literary clubs D) political clubs E) drama clubs 54. All of the following were Baroque artists EXCEPT A) El Greco B) Caravaggio C) Rembrandt D) Carracci E) Rubens 55. The famous painter Peter Paul Reubens was A) Flemish B) German C) French D) Italian E) Danish 56. Which Italian Baroque painter was best known for the concrete realism of his subjects? A) Caravaggio B) Rubens C) Rembrandt D) Poussin E) Vivaldi 57. The main difference between Baroque art and High Renaissance art was A) colors were more valued in Baroque art B) Baroque art placed a greater stress on shapes and form C) the lack of spontaneity that Baroque art conveyed D) clarity of detail was more emphasized in Baroque art E) Baroque art had a greater appeal to themes of Catholicism 58. Which of the following architects were instrumental in the design of the palace at Versailles? A) Louis LeVau and Jules Mansart B) Louis LeVau and Gianlorenzo Bernini C) Jules Mansart and Gianlorenzo Bernini D) Gianlorenzo Bernini and George Frederic Handel E) Jules Mansart and Peter Paul Rubens 59. Which characteristics summarize Baroque architecture? I. Oval or elliptical plans II. Incorporation of symmetry and balance III. Many fountains IV. Secular themes only A) II only B) III only C) II, III D) I, II, III E) I, III, IV 60. Which Baroque figure came to symbolize the musical peak of that age? A) Johann Sebastian Bach B) Gianlorenzo Bernini C) Louis LeVau D) Claude Perrault E) Jules Mansart 61. The baroque period emphasized all of the following EXCEPT A) modesty B) grandeur C) spaciousness D) unity E) emotional impact of a work of art

62. Base your answer on the picture below. The court dress in the above painting most closely resembles which artistic style? A) Surrealism B) Baroque C) Renaissance D) Romantic E) Impressionism 63.

7 62. Base your answer on the picture below. The court dress in the above painting most closely resembles which artistic style? A) Surrealism B) Baroque C) Renaissance D) Romantic E) Impressionism 63. Paradise Regained was a sequel to which seventeenth century author's magnum opus about the fall of Adam and Eve? A) John Milton B) Daniel Defoe C) Jonathan Swift D) John Dryden E) Alexander Pope 64. Rococo characteristics can be found in which composer's music? A) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart B) Jean Baptiste Lully C) Antonio de Cabezon D) Domenico Scarlatti E) Antonio Vivaldi 65. The French artist Francois Bucher painted in what style? A) Rococo B) Baroque C) Neoclassical D) High Renaissance E) Romantic 66. All of the following were rococo artists EXCEPT A) Peter Paul Reubens B) Jean Antoine Watteau C) Giacomo Amiconi D) Canaletto E) Francois Boucher 67. Which baroque musician composed "St. Matthew's Passion"? A) Johann Sebastian Bach B) Arcangelo Correli C) Girolamo Frescobaldi D) George Frederic Handel E) Henry Purcell 68. All of the following characterize baroque music EXCEPT A) liturgical music only B) vastness of proportion C) rich counterpoint D) great splendor E) highly ornamented melodic line 69. The concerto was a musical innovation from which era? A) Baroque B) High Renaissance C) Romantic D) Classical E) Modern 70. Who composed the operas Don Giovanni and The Marriage of Figaro? A) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart B) Franz Joseph Haydn C) Johann Sebastian Bach D) Henry Purcell E) George Frederick Handel 71. The musical center of Europe in the 17th and 18th Centuries was located in which capital city? A) Vienna B) Berlin C) Paris D) London E) Madrid

8 Base your answers to questions 72 and 73 on the picture below. 72. The emotion, realism, and theatricality pictured in Caravaggio's Entombment above are characteristic of A) the Renaissance B) the Baroque C) Rococo D) Romanticism E) Realism 73. Caravaggio's Entombment as shown above is most closely associated with which movement? A) Renaissance B) Protestant Reformation C) Counter Reformation D) Scientific Revolution E) Enlightenment

9 Answer Key Enlightenment Scientific Rev.Baroque 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A 11. E 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. A 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. A 36. A 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. A 44. A 45. E 46. E 47. A 48. A 49. A 50. E 51. A 52. A 53. A 54. A 55. A 56. A 57. A 58. A 59. D 60. A 61. A 62. B 63. A 64. A 65. A 66. A 67. A 68. A 69. A 70. A 71. A 72. B 73. A

Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment. Mrs. Brahe World History II

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