The Challenge of Cultural Relativism. James Rachels 1986 Ethics & Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena
|
|
- Augusta Barker
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Challenge of Cultural Relativism James Rachels 1986 Ethics & Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena
2 Different Moral Codes *How Different Cultures Have Different Moral Codes Darius, King of Persia Query: would you eat your dead or burn them? (Greeks and Callatians) Eskimo marriage and infanticide. *All quotes from Philosophical Problems, Laurence Bonjour and Ann Baker
3 Cultural Relativism 547 The argument of cultural relativism arises from the reports of the great pioneering sociologist William Graham Sumner, writing in 1906 The search for verification of moral values ends with the folkways. There is no universal moral code.
4 Different societies have different moral codes. 2. There is no objective standard that can be used to judge one societal code better than another. 3. The moral code of our own society has no special status. 4. There is no universal truth in ethics that is, there are no moral truths that hold for all peoples at all times.
5 The moral code of a society determines what is right within that society; that is, if the moral code of a society says that a certain action is right, then that action is right, at least within that society. 6. It is mere arrogance for us to try to judge the conduct of other peoples. We should adopt an attitude of tolerance toward the practices of other cultures.
6 What is Correct and What is not Correct? 548 What is correct in cultural relativism and what is incorrect? The following will attempt to expose this.
7 Cultural Differences 548 The claim: Different cultures have different moral codes. Therefore there is no objective moral truth. Just a matter of opinion and opinion differs between cultures. Greeks and Callatians about death ceremonies. Eskimo and North American about infanticide.
8 Cultural Differences 549 The fundamental mistake in the Cultural Differences Argument is that it attempts to derive a substantive conclusion about a subject (morality) from the mere fact that people disagree about it. People disagree about scientific facts, yet trust that a resolution will come about with further research.
9 Consequences of Taking it Seriously. 549 We could no longer say that the customs of other societies are morally inferior to our own. Slavery, anti-semitism, women s rights, etc.
10 Consequences of Taking it Seriously. 549 We could decide whether actions are right or wrong just by consulting the standards of our society. apartheid in South Africa.
11 Consequences of Taking it Seriously. 550 The idea of moral progress is called into doubt. The idea of social reform will be limited to what the culture considers appropriate. (none of the following:) Slavery, civil rights, women s rights, animal rights.
12 There is Less Disagreement than it seems Many factors work together to produce customs. Greeks and Callatians: both customs are meant to honor the dead. Eskimos and N. Americans: infanticide is a way of balancing a very fragile economy and ecology.
13 Common Values Between Cultures Nurture of young which preserves the culture and people. Presumption of truth telling. Prohibition of murder.
14 What Can Be Learned? 552 Cultural relativism warns us, quite rightly, about the danger of assuming that all our preferences are based on some absolute rational standard. They are not.
15 What Can Be Learned? 553 The second lesson has to do with keeping an open mind. For if anyone, no matter who, were given the opportunity of choosing from amongst all the nations of the world the set of beliefs which he thought best, he would inevitably, after careful consideration choose his own country.
16 What Can Be Learned? 553 The second lesson has to do with keeping an open mind. Realizing this can result in our having more open minds. We can come to understand that our feelings are not necessarily perceptions of the truth they may be nothing more than the result of cultural conditioning.
[name] [course] [teaching assistant s name] [discussion day and time] [question being answered] [date turned in] Cultural Relativism
5 [name] [course] [teaching assistant s name] [discussion day and time] [question being answered] [date turned in] Cultural Relativism In James Rachels s chapter The Challenge of Cultural Relativism, he
More informationCHAPTER 5. CULTURAL RELATIVISM.
CHAPTER 5. CULTURAL RELATIVISM. I have mentioned earlier that business is embedded in society and that for it and society to flourish, good interdependent relations are necessary. But societies are different,
More informationEthical universal: An ethical truth that is true at all times and places.
Relativism Some Definitions Ethics: The philosophical inquiry into right and wrong and valuation through critical examination of human practices. Ethical universal: An ethical truth that is true at all
More informationCultural Relativism 1
Cultural Relativism 1 Outline Introduction: Cultural differences: the lesson to take The Cultural Difference Argument Against Cultural Relativism Lessons and Conclusion 2 Cultural Differences: The Lesson
More informationETHICAL REASONING PART THREE THE SCIENCE OF MORAL REASONING A MAN WITHOUT ETHICS IS A WILD BEAST LOOSED UPON THIS WORLD.
ETHICAL REASONING PART THREE THE SCIENCE OF MORAL REASONING A MAN WITHOUT ETHICS IS A WILD BEAST LOOSED UPON THIS WORLD. (ALBERT CAMUS) Moral Reasoning, page *303 T H E S C I E N C E O F M O R A L R E
More informationCultural Relativism Different Cultures Have Different Moral Codes
T he Challenge of Cultural Relativism CHAPTER 2 Morality differs in every society, and is a convenient term for socially approved habits. Ruth Benedict, PATTERNS OF CULTURE (1934) 2.1. Different Cultures
More information24.00: Problems of Philosophy Prof. Sally Haslanger November 16, 2005 Moral Relativism
24.00: Problems of Philosophy Prof. Sally Haslanger November 16, 2005 Moral Relativism 1. Introduction Here are four questions (of course there are others) we might want an ethical theory to answer for
More informationEthical Relativism 1. Ethical Relativism: Ethical Relativism: subjective objective ethical nihilism Ice cream is good subjective
Ethical Relativism 1. Ethical Relativism: In this lecture, we will discuss a moral theory called ethical relativism (sometimes called cultural relativism ). Ethical Relativism: An action is morally wrong
More informationRelativism and Subjectivism. The Denial of Objective Ethical Standards
Relativism and Subjectivism The Denial of Objective Ethical Standards Starting with a counter argument 1.The universe operates according to laws 2.The universe can be investigated through the use of both
More informationThe New Subjectivism in Morality. Brand Blanchard Chapter 3 Intro to Ethics Professor Douglas Olena
The New Subjectivism in Morality Brand Blanchard Chapter 3 Intro to Ethics Professor Douglas Olena Subjectivism 33 When anyone says this is right or this is good, he is only expressing his own feeling;
More informationEthics is subjective.
Introduction Scientific Method and Research Ethics Ethical Theory Greg Bognar Stockholm University September 22, 2017 Ethics is subjective. If ethics is subjective, then moral claims are subjective in
More informationDefining Relativism Ethical Relativism is the view that the rightness or wrongness of an action depends partially upon the beliefs and culture of the
Ethical Relativism Defining Relativism Ethical Relativism is the view that the rightness or wrongness of an action depends partially upon the beliefs and culture of the person doing the action Cultural
More informationHenrik Ahlenius Department of Philosophy ETHICS & RESEARCH
Henrik Ahlenius Department of Philosophy henrik.ahlenius@philosophy.su.se ETHICS & RESEARCH Why a course like this? Tell you what the rules are Tell you to follow these rules Tell you to follow some other
More informationSecularization in Western territory has another background, namely modernity. Modernity is evaluated from the following philosophical point of view.
1. Would you like to provide us with your opinion on the importance and relevance of the issue of social and human sciences for Islamic communities in the contemporary world? Those whose minds have been
More informationRichard van de Lagemaat Relative Values A Dialogue
Theory of Knowledge Mr. Blackmon Richard van de Lagemaat Relative Values A Dialogue In the following dialogue by Richard van de Lagemaat, two characters, Jack and Jill, argue about whether or not there
More informationAn Introduction to Ethics / Moral Philosophy
An Introduction to Ethics / Moral Philosophy Ethics / moral philosophy is concerned with what is good for individuals and society and is also described as moral philosophy. The term is derived from the
More informationSituational Ethics Actions often cannot be evaluated in a vacuum. Suppose someone moves their hand rapidly forward, is that action right or wrong? The
Ethical Relativism Situational Ethics Actions often cannot be evaluated in a vacuum. Suppose someone moves their hand rapidly forward, is that action right or wrong? The answer seems to depend on other
More informationPsychological and Ethical Egoism
Psychological and Ethical Egoism Wrapping up Error Theory Psychological Egoism v. Ethical Egoism Ought implies can, the is/ought fallacy Arguments for and against Psychological Egoism Ethical Egoism Arguments
More informationAmerican Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 51, No. 2. (Apr. - Jun., 1949), pp
Functionalism: A Protest A. R. Radcliffe-Brown American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 51, No. 2. (Apr. - Jun., 1949), pp. 320-323. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-7294%28194904%2f06%292%3a51%3a2%3c320%3afap%3e2.0.co%3b2-v
More informationYou Will Be Able to Answer These Questions at the End of Class
You Will Be Able to Answer These Questions at the End of Class FOCUS QUESTIONS 1. What was the Enlightenment? 2. How did the Enlightenment contribute to new theories regarding society and government? Focus
More informationTake Home Exam #1. PHI 1700: Global Ethics Prof. Lauren R. Alpert
PHI 1700: Global Ethics Prof. Lauren R. Alpert Name: Date: Take Home Exam #1 Instructions (Read Before Proceeding!) Material for this exam is from class sessions 2-7. Please write your answers clearly
More informationLecture 2: What Ethics is Not. Jim Pryor Guidelines on Reading Philosophy Peter Singer What Ethics is Not
Lecture 2: What Ethics is Not Jim Pryor Guidelines on Reading Philosophy Peter Singer What Ethics is Not 1 Agenda 1. Review: Theoretical Ethics, Applied Ethics, Metaethics 2. What Ethics is Not 1. Sexual
More informationChapter 2 Ethical Concepts and Ethical Theories: Establishing and Justifying a Moral System
Chapter 2 Ethical Concepts and Ethical Theories: Establishing and Justifying a Moral System Ethics and Morality Ethics: greek ethos, study of morality What is Morality? Morality: system of rules for guiding
More informationappearance is often different from reality, and it s reality that counts.
Relativism Appearance vs. Reality Philosophy begins with the realisation that appearance is often different from reality, and it s reality that counts. Parmenides and others were maybe hyper Parmenides
More informationCarnap s Non-Cognitivism as an Alternative to Both Value- Absolutism and Value-Relativism
Carnap s Non-Cognitivism as an Alternative to Both Value- Absolutism and Value-Relativism Christian Damböck Institute Vienna Circle christian.damboeck@univie.ac.at Carnap s Non-Cognitivism as a Better
More informationA Rational Solution to the Problem of Moral Error Theory? Benjamin Scott Harrison
A Rational Solution to the Problem of Moral Error Theory? Benjamin Scott Harrison In his Ethics, John Mackie (1977) argues for moral error theory, the claim that all moral discourse is false. In this paper,
More informationPLS1502 EXAMPACKS 2016 & 2017 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN PHILOSOPHY
PLS1502 EXAMPACKS 2016 & 2017 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN PHILOSOPHY 1 P a g e 2016 MAY/JUNE ANSWERS: Section A 1.1. Savage v civilised The difference between civilized and savage is that civilized is having
More informationClass 23 - April 20 Plato, What is Right Conduct?
Philosophy 110W: Introduction to Philosophy Spring 2011 Hamilton College Russell Marcus I. Nihilism, Relativism, and Absolutism Class 23 - April 20 Plato, What is Right Conduct? One question which arises
More informationPHI 1700: Global Ethics
PHI 1700: Global Ethics Session 3 February 11th, 2016 Harman, Ethics and Observation 1 (finishing up our All About Arguments discussion) A common theme linking many of the fallacies we covered is that
More information(i) Morality is a system; and (ii) It is a system comprised of moral rules and principles.
Ethics and Morality Ethos (Greek) and Mores (Latin) are terms having to do with custom, habit, and behavior. Ethics is the study of morality. This definition raises two questions: (a) What is morality?
More informationNicomachean Ethics. Aristotle ETCI Ch 6, Pg Barbara MacKinnon Ethics and Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena
Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle ETCI Ch 6, Pg 96-102 Barbara MacKinnon Ethics and Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena Outline The Nature of the Good Happiness: Living and Doing Well The Function of
More informationAN OUTLINE OF CRITICAL THINKING
AN OUTLINE OF CRITICAL THINKING LEVELS OF INQUIRY 1. Information: correct understanding of basic information. 2. Understanding basic ideas: correct understanding of the basic meaning of key ideas. 3. Probing:
More informationUnit 3. Doubt, Faith and Jesus
Apologetics Copyright Porterbrook Network 2013. This file is protected by copyright and is for the personal use of the purchaser of this course only. Distribution or resale of it is strictly prohibited.
More informationT he Elements of. Moral Philosophy. James Rachels. Stuart Rachels SEVENTH EDITION. Editions 5 7 by
T he Elements of Moral Philosophy SEVENTH EDITION James Rachels Editions 5 7 by Stuart Rachels THE ELEMENTS OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY, SEVENTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill
More informationMinzu University of China. PHI 115 Introduction to Philosophy. Summer 2019
Academic Inquiries:Minzu University of China E-mail: bjiss@muc.edu.cn Phone: 86-010-68932708 Minzu University of China PHI 115 Introduction to Philosophy Summer 2019 Basic Information Class hours: Monday
More informationOur topic today is the reality of value. There are different sorts of value but we will focus on the reality of moral value.
What is real? Value Our topic today is the reality of value. There are different sorts of value but we will focus on the reality of moral value. Talk about moral value includes talk about the rightness
More informationthink that people are generally moral relativists. I will argue that people really do believe in moral
It is often assumed that people are moral absolutists. Although Paul Boghossian supports this claim by seemingly defeating every reasonable type of relativism, Sarkissian et al. provide reason to think
More informationArrogant? ISBN:
M SA E PL Is Christianity Arrogant? ISBN: 9780892651269 2009 Randall House Copying, distributing, or sharing this study beyond the use of the purchasing church or single campus site is a breach of ethics
More informationWhat are you studying? What is ethics? Why study ethics in PR?
14 & 16 July 2014 What are you studying? What is ethics? Why study ethics in PR? You are here to have a discussion about ethics and how to apply it to situations that might arise in PR. Professional o
More informationReligion. Aim of the subject REL
2012-05-03 REL Religion The subject of religion has its scientific roots primarily in the academic discipline of religious studies, and is by its nature interdisciplinary. It deals with how religions and
More informationA-level Religious Studies
A-level Religious Studies RST4B June 2014 Exemplars with Commentaries Contents: General Guidance Page 2 Candidate A Page 3 Candidate B Page 8 Candidate C Page 13 Candidate D Page 17 Candidate E Page 25
More informationCAN WE HAVE MORALITY WITHOUT GOD AND RELIGION?
CAN WE HAVE MORALITY WITHOUT GOD AND RELIGION? Stephen Law It s widely held that morality requires both God and religion. Without God to lay down moral rules, talk of right and wrong can reflect nothing
More informationChapter 12: Areas of knowledge Ethics (p. 363)
Chapter 12: Areas of knowledge Ethics (p. 363) Moral reasoning (p. 364) Value-judgements Some people argue that moral values are just reflections of personal taste. For example, I don t like spinach is
More informationMicah Network Integral Mission Initiative
RE CATEGORY RE TITLE RE NUMBER and Development Programme, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Plenary address: Micah Africa Regional Conference, September 20 23, 2004 The task of this paper is to
More informationKantian Deontology. A2 Ethics Revision Notes Page 1 of 7. Paul Nicholls 13P Religious Studies
A2 Ethics Revision Notes Page 1 of 7 Kantian Deontology Deontological (based on duty) ethical theory established by Emmanuel Kant in The Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Part of the enlightenment
More informationPhilosophy Club
Philosophy Club 2-5-16 Plato - Quote 1 Our ethical goal in life is resemblance to God, to come closer to the pure world of ideas and ideal, to liberate ourselves from matter, time, and space, and to become
More informationOn Law. (1) Eternal Law: God s providence over and plan for all of Creation. He writes,
On Law As we have seen, Aquinas believes that happiness is the ultimate end of human beings. It is our telos; i.e., our purpose; i.e., our final cause; i.e., the end goal, toward which all human actions
More informationCosmopolitan Theory and the Daily Pluralism of Life
Chapter 8 Cosmopolitan Theory and the Daily Pluralism of Life Tariq Ramadan D rawing on my own experience, I will try to connect the world of philosophy and academia with the world in which people live
More informationWhen does human life begin? by Dr Brigid Vout
When does human life begin? by Dr Brigid Vout The question of when human life begins has occupied the minds of people throughout human history, and perhaps today more so than ever. Fortunately, developments
More informationRabbi Jesse Gallop Yom Kippur-Morality in the 21 st Century
Rabbi Jesse Gallop Yom Kippur-Morality in the 21 st Century I remember back when I was an undergraduate in Denver, an acquaintance of mine, whom we usually disagreed on social issues, where having a debate
More informationMORAL RELATIVISM. By: George Bassilios St Antonius Coptic Orthodox Church, San Francisco Bay Area
MORAL RELATIVISM By: George Bassilios St Antonius Coptic Orthodox Church, San Francisco Bay Area Introduction In this age, we have lost the confidence that statements of fact can ever be anything more
More informationMarcel Sarot Utrecht University Utrecht, The Netherlands NL-3508 TC. Introduction
RBL 09/2004 Collins, C. John Science & Faith: Friends or Foe? Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 2003. Pp. 448. Paper. $25.00. ISBN 1581344309. Marcel Sarot Utrecht University Utrecht, The Netherlands NL-3508 TC
More informationManuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., and Michael J. Meyer
Ethical Relativism Manuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., and Michael J. Meyer Cultures differ widely in their moral practices. As anthropologist Ruth Benedict illustrates in Patterns of
More information[name] [course] [teaching assistant s name] [discussion day and time] [question being answered] [date turned in]
5 [name] [course] [teaching assistant s name] [discussion day and time] [question being answered] [date turned in] Criticizing Rachels: An Emotivist s View of Moral Judgment There are many different theories
More informationVirtue Ethics. Chapter 7 ETCI Barbara MacKinnon Ethics and Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena
Virtue Ethics Chapter 7 ETCI Barbara MacKinnon Ethics and Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena Introductory Paragraphs 109 Story of Abraham Whom do you admire? The list of traits is instructive.
More informationThe Oxford Handbook of Epistemology
Oxford Scholarship Online You are looking at 1-10 of 21 items for: booktitle : handbook phimet The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology Paul K. Moser (ed.) Item type: book DOI: 10.1093/0195130057.001.0001 This
More informationWorld-Wide Ethics. Chapter Two. Cultural Relativism
World-Wide Ethics Chapter Two Cultural Relativism The explanation of correct moral principles that the theory individual subjectivism provides seems unsatisfactory for several reasons. One of these is
More informationיהודים וערבים. Jews and Arabs. Israel A Conditional Partnership. Abstract
Abstract Jews and Arabs יהודים וערבים A Conditional Partnership Israel 2017 Tamar Hermann Chanan Cohen / Fadi Omar / Ella Heller / Tzipy Lazar-Shoef 2 3 Introduction Self-Definition Sense of Belonging
More informationIntro. The need for a philosophical vocabulary
Critical Realism & Philosophy Webinar Ruth Groff August 5, 2015 Intro. The need for a philosophical vocabulary You don t have to become a philosopher, but just as philosophers should know their way around
More informationOrdinary Experience as Evidence in Joseph Butler s Moral Theory. Heather Ann Mills. Chapel Hill 2008
Ordinary Experience as Evidence in Joseph Butler s Moral Theory Heather Ann Mills A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements
More informationPart One. The Youth Work Profession
Sercombe-3967-Part-I-CH-01:Sercombe-3967-Part-I-CH-01 12/09/2009 5:04 PM Page 1 Part One The Youth Work Profession Sercombe-3967-Part-I-CH-01:Sercombe-3967-Part-I-CH-01 12/09/2009 5:04 PM Page 2 Sercombe-3967-Part-I-CH-01:Sercombe-3967-Part-I-CH-01
More informationIn Defense of Pure Reason: A Rationalist Account of A Priori Justification, by Laurence BonJour. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
Book Reviews 1 In Defense of Pure Reason: A Rationalist Account of A Priori Justification, by Laurence BonJour. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xiv + 232. H/b 37.50, $54.95, P/b 13.95,
More informationEthics. The study of right or correct behavior
Ethical Concepts Ethics The study of right or correct behavior The Ethics Chart Ethics Objectivism Relativism Absolutism Contextual Conventionalism Subjectivism Absolutism 4 Divine Command Theories God
More informationProfessional Ethics. Today s Topic Ethical Egoism PHIL Picture: Ursa Major. Illustration: Cover art from Ayn Rand s The Fountainhead
Professional Ethics PHIL 3340 Today s Topic Ethical Egoism Illustration: Cover art from Ayn Rand s The Fountainhead Picture: Ursa Major Quiz #1 1. State in one sentence the central difference between psychological
More informationTheories of epistemic justification can be divided into two groups: internalist and
1 Internalism and externalism about justification Theories of epistemic justification can be divided into two groups: internalist and externalist. Internalist theories of justification say that whatever
More informationCan Only One Religion Be True?
Can Only One Religion Be True? Date: October 7, 2018 Place: Lakewood UMC Texts: 1 Cor. 13:12; John 14:6 Occasion: Ask?s series Theme: Truth, Salvation, Ecumenism, Inter-Faith dialogue Fifty or sixty years
More informationEthical non-naturalism
Michael Lacewing Ethical non-naturalism Ethical non-naturalism is usually understood as a form of cognitivist moral realism. So we first need to understand what cognitivism and moral realism is before
More informationPhilosophy 102 Ethics Course Description: Course Requirements and Expectations
Philosophy 102 Ethics Spring 2012 Instructor: Alan Reynolds Email: alanr@uoregon.edu Office: PLC 324 Class meetings: 204 Chapman Hall MTWR 9-9:50 Office Hours: W 10-12 or by appointment Course Description:
More informationVERIFICATION AND METAPHYSICS
Michael Lacewing The project of logical positivism VERIFICATION AND METAPHYSICS In the 1930s, a school of philosophy arose called logical positivism. Like much philosophy, it was concerned with the foundations
More informationSYLLABUS: INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY COURSE DESCRIPTION. Philosophy is a very old discipline. The great dialogues of Plato are about 2350 years old.
1 Phil 401.02, Spring 2018 Meeting time: Tu & Th 2:10-3:30 Classroom: 201 Hamilton Smith Hall Instructor: Timm Triplett Office: 249H Hamilton Smith Hall Office Hours: Tu & Th 3:40-4:30, or by appointment
More informationDuty and Categorical Rules. Immanuel Kant Introduction to Ethics, PHIL 118 Professor Douglas Olena
Duty and Categorical Rules Immanuel Kant Introduction to Ethics, PHIL 118 Professor Douglas Olena Preview This selection from Kant includes: The description of the Good Will The concept of Duty An introduction
More informationNew Chapter: Ethics and Morality
Intro to Philosophy Phil 110 Lecture 21: 3-27 Daniel Kelly I. Mechanics A. Upcoming Readings 1. Today we ll discuss a. Rachels, Subjectivism in Ethics b. Rachel s,the Challenge of Cultural Relativism 2.
More informationNaturalist Cognitivism: The Open Question Argument; Subjectivism
Naturalist Cognitivism: The Open Question Argument; Subjectivism Felix Pinkert 103 Ethics: Metaethics, University of Oxford, Hilary Term 2015 Introducing Naturalist Realist Cognitivism (a.k.a. Naturalism)
More informationPURPOSE OF COURSE. York/London: The Free Press, 1982), Chapter 1.
C-660 Sociology of Religion #160 Semester One 2010-2011 Rufus Burrow, Jr., Indiana Professor of Christian Thought Office #208 317) 931-2338; rburrow@cts.edu PURPOSE OF COURSE This course will examine sociological
More informationGet Up, Stand Up: A Discourse to the Social Contract Theory and Civil Disobedience
Katie Pech Intro to Philosophy July 26, 2004 Get Up, Stand Up: A Discourse to the Social Contract Theory and Civil Disobedience As the daughter of a fiercely-patriotic historian, I have always admired
More informationInterpreting The Bible In Agreement With Modern Cultures
Interpreting The Bible In Agreement With Modern Cultures Another common error many people make when interpreting the Books of the Bible is to interpret them according to the philosophies, ethics and practices
More informationVIEWING PERSPECTIVES
VIEWING PERSPECTIVES j. walter Viewing Perspectives - Page 1 of 6 In acting on the basis of values, people demonstrate points-of-view, or basic attitudes, about their own actions as well as the actions
More informationWorld-Wide Ethics. Chapter One. Individual Subjectivism
World-Wide Ethics Chapter One Individual Subjectivism To some people it seems very enlightened to think that in areas like morality, and in values generally, everyone must find their own truths. Most of
More informationARBITRATION AWARD. Panellist: Gail McEwan Case Reference No.: WECT Date of award: 31 January In the arbitration between: and
ARBITRATION AWARD Panellist: Gail McEwan Case Reference No.: WECT10067-14 Date of award: 31 January 2015 In the arbitration between: DAKALO MATEMBEIE Union/Employee party and TOTAL SOUTH AFRICA (PTY) LIMITED
More informationNation, Science and Religion in Nehru s Discovery of India
Journal of Scientific Temper Vol.1(3&4), July 2013, pp. 227-231 BOOK REVIEW Nation, Science and Religion in Nehru s Discovery of India Jawaharlal Nehru s Discovery of India was first published in 1946
More informationFu Jen Catholic University. PHI 115 Introduction to Philosophy. Summer 2019
Academic Inquiries: Fu Jen Catholic University Email: iss@mail.fju.edu.tw Phone: 886-2-29053731#811 Fu Jen Catholic University PHI 115 Introduction to Philosophy Summer 2019 Class hours: Monday through
More informationTwo Kinds of Moral Relativism
p. 1 Two Kinds of Moral Relativism JOHN J. TILLEY INDIANA UNIVERSITY PURDUE UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS jtilley@iupui.edu [Final draft of a paper that appeared in the Journal of Value Inquiry 29(2) (1995):
More informationThe Board of Directors recommends this resolution be sent to a Committee of the General Synod. A Resolution of Witness
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 The Board of Directors recommends this resolution be sent to a Committee
More informationTHE MORAL FIXED POINTS: REPLY TO CUNEO AND SHAFER-LANDAU
DISCUSSION NOTE THE MORAL FIXED POINTS: REPLY TO CUNEO AND SHAFER-LANDAU BY STEPHEN INGRAM JOURNAL OF ETHICS & SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY DISCUSSION NOTE FEBRUARY 2015 URL: WWW.JESP.ORG COPYRIGHT STEPHEN INGRAM
More informationMuslim-Jewish Relations in the U.S. March 2018
- Relations in the U.S. March 2018 INTRODUCTION Overview FFEU partnered with PSB Research to conduct a survey of and Americans. This national benchmark survey measures opinions and behaviors of Americans
More informationDeed & Creed - Class #7
Deed & Creed - Class #7 Without God in the picture, morality is relative. By Rabbi Benjamin Blech with Rochelle Lev 2007 JewishPathways.com 1 The First Exception (15-min. video) Understanding Judaism p.
More informationThe Exeter College Summer Programme at Exeter College in the University of Oxford. Good Life or Moral Life?
The Exeter College Summer Programme at Exeter College in the University of Oxford Good Life or Moral Life? Course Description This course consists of four parts, each of which comprises (roughly) three
More informationWhat Islam says. Islamic teachings are derived from two divine sources: the Qur an the Sunnah (endorsements of Prophet Muhammad)
Islam in Britain What Islam says Islamic teachings are derived from two divine sources: the Qur an the Sunnah (endorsements of Prophet Muhammad) And also from juristic processes such as: Qiyas Ijtihad
More informationDavid Ethics Bites is a series of interviews on applied ethics, produced in association with The Open University.
Ethics Bites What s Wrong With Killing? David Edmonds This is Ethics Bites, with me David Edmonds. Warburton And me Warburton. David Ethics Bites is a series of interviews on applied ethics, produced in
More informationThe Utilitarian Approach. Chapter 7, Elements of Moral Philosophy James Rachels Professor Douglas Olena
The Utilitarian Approach Chapter 7, Elements of Moral Philosophy James Rachels Professor Douglas Olena Outline The Revolution in Ethics First Example: Euthanasia Second Example: Nonhuman Animals Revolution
More informationDefinitions: Values and Moral Values
Definitions: Values and Moral Values 1. Values those things that we care about; those things that matter to us; those goals or ideals to which we aspire and by which we measure ourselves and others in
More informationMackie s Error Theory of Moral Judgments
Mackie s Error Theory of Moral Judgments Moral Facts and Mind-Independence Harman Mackie Moral goodness The Argument from Relativity The Argument from Queerness For Next Time: Check the website for assignment
More informationSelf-Refuting Statements
Self-Refuting Statements 2016 M. S. Turner Often when Christians are sharing their faith, they are challenged by skeptics, agnostics, and non-believers with statements that are selfrefuting. A self-refuting
More informationTrying Out One s New Sword. Mary Midgley (1981) Ethics and Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena
Trying Out One s New Sword Mary Midgley (1981) Ethics and Contemporary Issues Professor Douglas Olena Moral Isolationism 27 Understanding other cultures is problematic. Midgley describes one way of dealing
More informationUNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION. Address by Mr Federico Mayor
DG/95/9 Original: English/French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION Address by Mr Federico Mayor Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
More informationNeither is religious faith an alternative to scientific knowledge, nor is scientific knowledge an alternative to religious faith. H.
Neither is religious faith an alternative to scientific knowledge, nor is scientific knowledge an alternative to religious faith. H. Gürak Introduction The main purpose of the three monotheistic religions
More informationILLUSTRATIVE MATERIAL
KAPPELER INSTITUTE RECORDINGS ILLUSTRATIVE MATERIAL THEOCRACY IN THE LIGHT OF CHRISTIAN SCIENCE (Tape Code J-8) Joel Jessen Democracy will certainly fail unless democracy patterns theocracy. 1 In order
More information(naturalistic fallacy)
1 2 19 general questions about the nature of morality and about the meaning of moral concepts determining what the ethical principles of guiding the actions (truth and opinion) the metaphysical question
More informationT he Challenge ofcultural Relativism
THE CHALLENGE OF CULTURAL REIATIVIS'vI 17 T he Challenge ofcultural Relativism CHAPTER2 Morality differs in every society, and is a convenient term for socially approved habits, RUTlI BENEDICT, P17TERNS
More informationHistorical attestation: Eyewitness. testimony
Historical attestation: Eyewitness We material in Acts 20:9-12; 28:8-9 Paul cites Corinthians knowledge (2 Cor 12:12; cf. 1 Cor 12; Gal 3) Paul cites his own (Rom 15:19) testimony Every layer of G. tradition
More information